The lancet oncology
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The lancet oncology · Feb 2025
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyThermal ablation versus surgical resection of small-size colorectal liver metastases (COLLISION): an international, randomised, controlled, phase 3 non-inferiority trial.
For patients with small-size colorectal liver metastases, growing evidence suggests thermal ablation to be associated with fewer adverse events and faster recovery than resection while also challenging resection in terms of local control and overall survival. This study assessed the potential non-inferiority of thermal ablation compared with surgical resection in patients with small-size resectable colorectal liver metastases. ⋯ Medtronic-Covidien.
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The lancet oncology · Feb 2025
Review Comparative StudyDifferences in the on-label cancer indications of medicinal products between Europe and the USA.
The definition of a therapeutic indication formulated by regulatory agencies is a decisive element for the marketing authorisation of medicinal products and for patient access. Trotta and colleagues found that oncological indications granted by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the period between 1999 and 2008 were clinically different in about 10% of cases. In this Policy Review, we compared the 162 therapeutic indications of 80 medicinal products for solid tumours and blood cancers authorised by the EMA between January, 2015, and September, 2022, with the corresponding labels approved by the FDA. ⋯ These differences lead to a different population for which drugs can be prescribed on label, with the FDA granting broader indications more often than the EMA. Therapeutic indications are a legal basis that define the eligible population to specific treatments. The fact that about half of the indications are different between the USA and Europe affect patient access to medications and should stimulate a debate on the weight that uncertainty plays in regulatory decisions.
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The lancet oncology · Feb 2025
Multicenter StudyClaudin 18.2-targeting antibody-drug conjugate CMG901 in patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (KYM901): a multicentre, open-label, single-arm, phase 1 trial.
CMG901 is a novel first-in-class antibody-drug conjugate with a humanised anticlaudin 18.2 antibody linked to microtubule-disrupting agent monomethyl auristatin E. We aimed to assess the antitumour activity and safety of CMG901 in patients with advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer and other solid tumours. ⋯ KYM Biosciences.
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Advances in molecular biology, genetics, and epigenetics have refined our understanding of metastatic brain cancer and underscored the need for better classification and targeted approaches. The heterogeneity of brain metastases highlights the differences from their primary source of origin and contributes to therapeutic resistance. Before colonising the brain, tumour cells acquire specialised proficiencies that enable them to capitalise on the unique microenvironment of the brain. ⋯ These adaptations facilitate tumour survival, growth, and treatment resistance. Recognising metastatic brain cancer as a distinctive CNS disease, rather than an extension of the primary cancer, would support the development of rational approaches that target its molecular and genetic features and improve research funding in this area. Here, we delve into the distinct genetic and phenotypic characteristics of metastatic brain cancer, and reflect on how a change in the perception of this disease could accelerate the development of more effective therapies and drive continued progress in the field of neuro-oncology.