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Retracted Publication
The hippocampus in spontaneously hypertensive rats: a quantitative microanatomical study.
The influence of hypertension on the morphology of hippocampus was assessed in spontaneously hypertensive rats of two, four and six months and in age-matched normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats. Values of systolic pressure were slightly increased in two-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats in comparison with age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats and augmented progressively with age in spontaneously hypertensive rats. No microanatomical changes were observed in the hippocampus of spontaneously hypertensive rats of two months in comparison with age-matched Wistar-Kyoto rats, whereas a decrease of white matter volume was observed in the CA(1) subfield and in the dentate gyrus of four-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats. ⋯ The only change noticeable in the CA(3) subfield of six-month-old spontaneously hypertensive rats was a slight increase in the number of glial fibrillary acid protein-immunoreactive astrocytes. These findings indicate the occurrence of neuronal loss and of astrocyte changes in the hippocampus of spontaneously hypertensive rats of six months, being the CA(1) subfield the area most affected. The relevance of these neurodegenerative changes in hypertension and the possible occurrence of apoptosis and/or necrosis as expression of hypertensive brain damage is discussed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial Retracted Publication
Comparison of the effects of desflurane and isoflurane anaesthesia on hepatocellular function assessed by alpha glutathione S-transferase.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of isoflurane and desflurane on hepatocellular function. Twenty male patients undergoing elective surgery were randomly assigned to receive either isoflurane or desflurane anaesthesia. Alpha glutathione S-transferase concentrations and aminotransferase activities were measured at induction of anaesthesia (t0), 15 min (t1), 90 min after induction (t2), end of surgery (t3) and 2 h thereafter (t4). ⋯ Alpha glutathione S-transferase levels increased significantly from 2.3 microg.l-1 at t0 to 6.1 (1.9) microg.l-1 at t2 and to 7.8 (2.1) microg.l-1 at t3. A significant difference in alpha glutathione S-transferase concentration between the two groups was found at t2 and t3. The significant increases in alpha glutathione S-transferase concentrations in patients receiving isoflurane suggest a transient disturbance of hepatocellular function.
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Retracted Publication
Kynurenate attenuates the accumulation of diacylglycerol and free fatty acids after experimental brain injury in the rat.
This study examined the effects of the administration of kynurenate, a non-specific excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptor subtype antagonist, on the regional accumulation of diacylglycerol (DG) and free fatty acids (FFAs) after lateral fluid percussion (FP) brain injury in the rat. After brain injury of moderate severity (2.0 atm), rats were treated with either kynurenate (200 mg/kg, i.v.) or saline at 5 min after injury. In the saline-treated brain-injured rats, levels of all individual DG-fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic and arachidonic acids) and total DG-fatty acids were increased in the ipsilateral left cortex and hippocampus at 30 min and 60 min after injury. ⋯ Kynurenate administration attenuated increases of all individual and total FFAs in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus either at 30 min alone or at both 30 min and 60 min after FP brain injury. In the contralateral cortex, levels of both DG-fatty acids and FFAs were not increased in the saline-treated injured rats and were also not affected by the administration of kynurenate. These results support the role of EAA receptor subtypes in the phospholipases-catalyzed formation of DG and FFAs in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampus after lateral FP brain injury.
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Retraction Of Publication
Retraction: absence of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.