Articles: disease.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Oral rehydration therapy: efficacy of sodium citrate equals to sodium bicarbonate for correction of acidosis in diarrhoea.
Forty patients with moderate degrees of dehydration and acidosis because of acute watery diarrhoea were successfully treated randomly with either WHO recommended oral rehydration solution containing 2.5 g sodium bicarbonate or an oral solution containing 2.94 g sodium citrate in place of sodium bicarbonate per litre of oral rehydration rehydration solution. Efficacies were compared by measuring oral fluid intake, stool and vomitus output, change in body weight, hydration status, and rate of correction of acidosis during a period of 48 hours. ⋯ The solution with sodium citrate base was as effective as WHO-oral rehydration solution for management of diarrhoea. This study shows the efficacy, safety, and acceptability of citrate containing oral rehydration solution for rehydration and correction of acidosis in diarrhoea.
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Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. · May 1984
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDoxycycline prophylaxis of travelers' diarrhea in Honduras, an area where resistance to doxycycline is common among enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.
Daily doxycycline (DX), known to be effective prophylaxis against travelers' diarrhea (TD) in areas of the world where enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are sensitive to the drug, has not been extensively studied in geographic areas where antibiotic resistance is common. Therefore we studied 44 U. S. ⋯ From the PL group, ETEC from 7 of 13 stool samples (54%) were resistant to DX, whereas from the DX group, ETEC from 10 of 11 stool samples were resistant (P less than 0.05). TD that developed in persons taking DX was also found to be less severe, as judged by length of illness (P less than 0.01) and frequency of stools (P less than 0.05). This study demonstrates that DX 1) significantly prevents TD even in areas where antibiotic resistance is common, although it does not prevent TD caused by docycycline -resistant ETEC, and 2) significantly diminishes the severity of illness.
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Br J Obstet Gynaecol · Mar 1981
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialVaginal bleeding disturbances associated with the discontinuation of long-acting injectable contraceptives. From the World Health Organization Special Programme for Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction; Task Force on Long-acting Systemic Agents for the Regulation of Fertility.
A randomized comparative trial of 832 women receiving norethisterone oenanthate (NET-OEN) and 846 women receiving depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) injections at 12 week intervals was conducted in 10 centers. The pregnancy rate with NET-OEN was significantly higher than with DMPA. ⋯ Bleeding for more than 30 days during an injection interval and complete amenorrhoea for a whole injection interval were jointly associated with 43.7% of all terminations among NET-OEN users and 64.5% of all terminations among DMPA users. In future efforts to improve the acceptability of long-acting injectable contraceptives, more attention should be given to the control of prolonged amenorrhoea and prolonged bleeding.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A randomized, single blind comparative trial of norethindrone enanthate and depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate in Bangladesh.
A randomized, single blind comparative trial of norethindrone enanthate (NET-ENT) and depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) was conducted in the Model Clinic, Decca, Bangladesh, to determine if there were differences in reported side effects, reasons for discontinuation and discontinuation rates of these two injectables. On all follow-up visits the proportion of women reporting no bleeding (amenorrhea) was higher for the DMPA clients compared to the NET-ENT clients. Concurrent with these findings, the proportion of women reporting irregular bleeding was consistently higher for the NET-ENT clients. ⋯ By the fourth injection, less than 15% of the clients in both drug groups still reported having regular cyclic bleeding (4 of the 26 DMPA clients and 4 of the 28 NET-ENT clients). Five of the 133 women on DMPA and 6 of the 106 women on NET-ENT became pregnant while using the injectables. At the end of one year of follow-up, 14 of the 133 DMPA and 14 of the 106 NET-ENT clients were still continuing (came back for a fifth injection).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Ibuprofen therapy for dysmenorrhea.
Thirty-three dysmenorrheic patients were given ibuprofen, aspirin and a placebo in a double-blind crossover study, with each drug taken during one of three successive menstrual cycles in random sequence. Paired drug comparisons demonstrated the statistical superiority of ibuprofen, as compared with the other two, for the relief of pain. Data evaluated according to patient drug preference showed similar results. The role of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in therapy for dysmenorrhea is discussed.