Articles: postoperative-pain.
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To determine whether there is sufficient evidence to support the use of one-time high-dose (>30 mg/kg) rectally administered acetaminophen to control postoperative pain in children. ⋯ Due to limited study data, wide study variability, and lack of standardization in terms of design, objectives, study population, dosing, rectal formulation, and monitoring, compounded by the fact that children often require additional doses of acetaminophen to control postoperative pain, the practice of using one-time, high-dose, rectally administered acetaminophen in children cannot be recommended at this time.
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Nursing in critical care · Nov 2004
ReviewA review of the efficacy and safety of opioid analgesics post-craniotomy.
--Codeine phosphate is the most commonly used analgesic post-craniotomy. --It is argued, in this paper, that codeine phosphate is an unpredictable pro-drug that does not equate to a safe and effective method of providing analgesia post-craniotomy. --Lack of evidence supporting tramadol's usage and concerns over its interactions and side effects mean its use cannot be advocated. --The traditional justification for withholding morphine in post-craniotomy pain appears to be largely based on anecdotal evidence. --Raising awareness among critical care nurses of the pharmacological properties of the analgesics used is imperative, if post-craniotomy pain is to be adequately treated. --There is an explicit challenge to the neurosurgical community to re-evaluate their pain-management strategies in the post-craniotomy patient.
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Letter Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Small-dose ketamine decreases postoperative morphine requirements.
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Yonsei medical journal · Oct 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of continuous epidural and intravenous analgesia for postoperative pain control in pediatric lower extremity surgery.
In recent years epidural anesthesia and analgesia techniques were used in pediatric surgery owing to the development of pediatric epidural catheter needles. And the need of postoperative pain control in pediatric patients is also increasing. We compared combined general-epidural anesthesia and analgesia technique with intravenous fentanyl analgesia after general anesthesia for postoperative analgesic effect and complications in these pediatric patients. ⋯ There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting. A combined general-epidural anesthesia technique significantly reduces intraoperative end-tidal sevoflurane concentration compared to general anesthesia alone. And continuous patient-controlled epidural analgesia reduces postoperative pain scores significantly more than continuous patient-controlled IV fentanyl analgesia without any serious complications in pediatric lower extremity surgery.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Oct 2004
ReviewSingle dose oral indometacin for the treatment of acute postoperative pain.
Indometacin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used most commonly for the treatment of inflammation and pain resulting from rheumatic disease (arthritis), and less commonly in postoperative pain management. When taken for chronic pain conditions, indometacin has been associated with a high incidence of adverse events. The benefits and harms of orally-administered indometacin for postoperative pain are not clear. ⋯ Conclusions about the clinical efficacy of indometacin for postoperative cannot be made until more trials are conducted for a variety of surgical procedures, and different doses of indometacin are assessed.