Articles: intubation.
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Ann Oto Rhinol Laryn · Jul 1984
Historical ArticleTracheotomy versus intubation. A 19th century controversy.
The early history of tracheotomy and intubation is reviewed. Both techniques evolved to their modern formats during the 19th century stimulated by the need to treat diphtheria epidemics. Development of technical aspects of tracheotomy during the first half of the 19th century, and of endotracheal and endolaryngeal intubation in the latter part, are reviewed.
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Case Reports
Cricothyroidotomy for long-term tracheal access. A prospective analysis of morbidity and mortality in 76 patients.
Cricothyroidotomy for long-term tracheal access was prospectively studied in 76 critically ill patients. Thirty patients (39%) survived and 46 (61%) died. Mean duration of follow-up computed in all survivors was 8.5 months. ⋯ There were no significant differences in any of the parameters studied between the group with and the group without airway pathology. The morbidity and mortality of cricothyroidotomy in adults are similar to that reported for tracheostomy. However, cricothyroidotomy should be avoided in children and adolescents because of the risk of subglottic stenosis.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Jul 1984
Case ReportsPneumothorax following attempted nasogastric intubation for nutritional support.
Nasogastric intubation is a routine procedure, performed daily by both medical and nursing staff. It is a simple procedure, but not without complications which can be life threatening. We present an unusual, life threatening complication which occurred when nasogastric intubation using a no. 8 polyurethane tube with its metal stilet resulted in a pneumothorax after intubation of the endotracheal tree in the presence of a cuffed endotracheal tube. We emphasize that the presence of a cuffed endotracheal tube should not be considered a safeguard against pulmonary intubation during nasogastric placement of a feeding catheter.
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A method is described for reversible controlled ventilation of rats by transtracheal catheter (20 or 22 G). A small rodent ventilator is used, rather then a jet ventilator, because the former enables the mixing of inhalation anesthetics with the carrying gas mixture. The method proved to be the most successful one for weaning from controlled ventilation after cardiac arrest and resuscitation of rats. In general, the method can be considered as an alterative to oral intubation and tracheotomy for controlled ventilation in rats.