The Australian & New Zealand journal of obstetrics & gynaecology
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Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol · Apr 2004
Review Comparative StudySystematic review of the treatment of ovulatory infertility with clomiphene citrate and intrauterine insemination.
Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) with clomiphene citrate (CC) combined with intrauterine insemination (IUI) is often used as treatment for ovulatory infertility which includes unexplained, male, cervical, endometriosis, and tubal infertility. ⋯ Clomiphene citrate combined with IUI is more effective than timed intercourse in the natural cycle at achieving pregnancy in couples with ovulatory infertility. However, treatment with gonadotrophins and IUI is superior to CC and IUI.
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Medical decision-making is based upon mathematical probability in determining the significance of variables involved. Truth is often not absolute and medical decisions often require reconsideration of information, reanalysis and possible change. Litigation based upon error negates the ordinary practice of medicine. ⋯ A creative process needs to replace a judgmental, rigid and punitive system. A committee involving specialist groups in selecting expert witnesses, a health counsellor and a patient representative may be most suitable. Criminal acts, where error is performed deliberately, assault or sexual misdemeanors, would still be subject to the common law.
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Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol · May 1995
ReviewContemporary transatlantic developments concerning compelled medical treatment of pregnant women.
This paper had identified a contemporary ethicolegal dilemma concerning the circumstances, if any, in which a pregnant woman's refusal of medical treatment may be judicially overridden either in her interests or those of the unborn child. On the one hand, the obstetrician will be concerned about the interests of both his patients in potentially life-threatening situations when they can be protected by what might be regarded as relatively straightforward procedures and where to fail to take those steps might expose the practitioner (at least outside New Zealand where its accident compensation legislation has impact in this regard) to allegations of negligence. ⋯ In such cases also, the conduct of medical procedures in the face of an express prohibition by the woman may give rise to liability for battery. (In New Zealand, such a potential liability would not, in the writer's view, be affected by the prohibition on proceedings for damages for medical misadventure as contained in the Accident Rehabilitation and Compensation Insurance Act 1992.) At the heart of an analysis of this issue is the status of the fetus as it is the fact of the woman patient's pregnancy which distinguishes the cases discussed in this paper from others in which the Courts have had to deal with refusals of treatment by those competent to do so. In regard to this aspect, the approach of the Courts in various jurisdictions has arguably been confused and contradictory.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol · Jun 1994
ReviewPractical problems which women encounter with available contraception in Australia.
Australian women face major difficulties with contraception because of the limited range of choices, the need for meticulous attention to compliance with most available methods and because of cost limitations for a significant minority of the population. The most commonly used methods are oral contraceptive pills and barrier methods, and each has substantial compliance problems which can be minimized with care and counselling. There is an urgent need for a wider range of options in Australia and for good information and publicity about them. Present progress in this direction gives some hope for the near future.