Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
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Comparative Study
Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: outcome and prognostic factors.
Acute exacerbation is a substantial cause of death in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis with poorly described prognostic factors. ⋯ Acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are more frequent during winter and spring. The time between admission and initiation of treatment is a new reported prognostic factor that should be investigated further. This finding highlights the need for a fast diagnostic approach that should probably be standardized. Early gas exchange modifications reflect the response to treatment and predict the prognosis.
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Clinical Trial
Long-term efficacy of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with occupational respiratory diseases.
Pulmonary rehabilitation is a well-recognized treatment option in chronic obstructive lung disease improving exercise performance, respiratory symptoms and quality of life. In occupational respiratory diseases, which can be rather cost-intensive due to the compensation needs, very little information is available. ⋯ Pulmonary rehabilitation is effective even in the complex settings of occupational respiratory diseases, providing sustained improvement of functional capacity and reducing health care utilization.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effects of controlled breathing during pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD.
Conventional pulmonary rehabilitation programs improve exercise tolerance but have no effect on pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The role of controlled breathing using respiratory biofeedback during rehabilitation of patients with COPD remains unclear. ⋯ In patients with COPD undergoing a pulmonary rehabilitation program, controlled breathing using respiratory biofeedback has no effect on exercise capacity, pulmonary function, quality of life or cardiac autonomic function.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of adding omalizumab, an anti-immunoglobulin E antibody, on airway wall thickening in asthma.
Omalizumab may inhibit allergic inflammation and could contribute to decreasing airway remodeling in patients with asthma. ⋯ These findings suggest that omalizumab reduced airway wall thickness and airway inflammation. Larger patient studies with longer-term follow-up are needed to show whether omalizumab can truly maintain improved airway wall dimensions.
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Bronchoscopic thermal vapor ablation (BTVA) ablates emphysematous tissue through a localized inflammatory response followed by contractive fibrosis and tissue shrinkage leading to lung volume reduction that should not be influenced by collateral ventilation. ⋯ Lobar fissure integrity has no or minimal influence on BTVA-induced lung volume reduction and improvements in clinical outcomes.