Respiratory physiology & neurobiology
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Respir Physiol Neurobiol · Jun 2020
Randomized Controlled TrialNasal high flow improves ventilation during propofol sedation: A randomized cross-over study in healthy volunteers.
Hypoventilation and carbon dioxide (CO2) retention are common during sedation. The current study investigated the ventilation responses to nasal high flow (NHF) during sedation with propofol. ⋯ During sedation with propofol, NHF without supplemental oxygen attenuated CO2 retention and reduced the respiratory rate. The findings show that NHF can improve ventilation during sedation, which may reduce the risk of complications related to hypoventilation.
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Respir Physiol Neurobiol · May 2021
Effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation in COVID-19 respiratory failure patients post-ICU.
Some COVID-19 patients develop respiratory failure requiring admission to intensive care unit (ICU). We aim to evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) post-ICU in COVID-19 patients. ⋯ PR induced large functional improvements in COVID-19 patients post-ICU although significant physical and psychosocial impairments remained post-PR.
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Respir Physiol Neurobiol · Mar 2021
Analysis of inspiratory and expiratory muscles using ultrasound in rats: A reproducible and non-invasive tool to study respiratory function.
Ultrasound imaging is a non-invasive technique to assess organ function. Its potential application in rodents to evaluate respiratory function remains poorly investigated. We aimed to assess and validate ultrasound technique in rats to analyze inspiratory and expiratory muscles. ⋯ The tidal volume was significantly correlated with the right + left RA area (r = 0.76, p < 0.001), and the rapid shallow breathing index was significantly and inversely correlated with the right + left RA area (r=-0.53, p < 0.05). In the supine position, the right and left diaphragm expiratory thickness were not associated with tidal volume obtained in the physiological position. Ultrasound imaging is highly accurate and reproducible to assess and follow up diaphragm and RA structure and function in rats.
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Respir Physiol Neurobiol · Oct 2020
Acute cardiopulmonary responses during expert trumpet performance.
Lung function and vascular effects of expert trumpet performance has not been elucidated. Airway mechanics, gas exchange and cardiovascular function were investigated in expert trumpeters during a challenging performance. Respiratory impedance was measured in expert trumpeters and violinist controls prior to and following performance. ⋯ Trumpet performance at an expert level does not have an acute effect on airway mechanics and gas exchange was maintained. Repetitive increased intrathoracic pressure during performance resulted in marked heart rate and vagal tone variability. This study reveals the high demands placed on autonomic modulation of the cardiac response to expert trumpet performance.
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Respir Physiol Neurobiol · Oct 2021
Exosomes derived from LPS-induced MHs cells prompted an inflammatory response in sepsis-induced acute lung injury.
Exosome is a novel tool with an essential role in cell communication. However, its role in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced acute lung injury is currently unknown. Here, we first found that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could up-regulate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promote exosomes release in the murine alveolar macrophage cell line (MHs cells). ⋯ Treating with hydrochloride hydrate (GW4869) could dose-dependently downregulated the release of exosomes and inhibited the upregulation of inflammatory cytokines in MHs cells with LPS treatment. Also, we further identified GW4869 administration induced the remission of histopathologic changes, the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung tissue, and inhibit serum exosomes release. These results indicate that the downregulation of exosome release by GW4869 might protect lung tissue from LPS induced injury through the suppression of excessive inflammatory responses, suggesting its potential therapeutic effects on sepsis-induced acute lung injury.