African health sciences
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African health sciences · Sep 2018
Vitamin A deficiency among under-five Nigerian children with diarrhoea.
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and diarrhoea are still important contributors to childhood deaths in Africa, and vitamin A deficient children are at increased risk as well as severity of diarrhoea. ⋯ Wasting and hospitalization are factors that may indicate the presence of VAD in a child with diarrhoea. Vitamin A supplements should therefore be given, as part of the treatment for diarrhoea, to children who have wasting, especially when they require hospitalization.
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African health sciences · Sep 2018
HIV Epidemiology in Uganda: survey based on age, gender, number of sexual partners and frequency of testing.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. When compared to the developed countries where HIV prevalence is on the decline, sub-Saharan Africa has experienced either a rise or stagnation in rates. ⋯ Robust implementation of methods such as education and frequent testing can lower Uganda's prevalence of HIV even further.
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African health sciences · Sep 2018
Prevalence of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis and associated factors among presumptive tuberculosis patients in a secondary referral hospital in Lagos Nigeria.
Nigeria is one of the 30 high burden countries for drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). This study assessed the prevalence and factors associated with rifampicin resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in a secondary referral hospital in Lagos State Nigeria. ⋯ The prevalence of RR-TB in new and previously treated TB patients was high in this study. Urgent steps are needed to avert an impending RR-TB epidemic.
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African health sciences · Sep 2018
Tribulus terrestris improves metronidazole-induced impaired fertility in the male mice.
Fruit extract of Tribulus terrestris (TT) bears aphrodisiac and antioxidative properties. Antimicrobial drug, metronidazole (MTZ) impairs the spermatogenic activity and fertility in males. ⋯ The fruit extract of TT may emerge as an effective herbal remedy, correcting the drug-induced fertility impairments in males.
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African health sciences · Sep 2018
Effects of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seed on cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats.
Moringa oleifera seeds have been reported to increase sexual activity of male rats but its mechanism of action remains unknown. ⋯ Moringa seeds may exhibit male reproductive toxicity, as observed from its deleterious effect on androgen and sperm variables. It failed to prevent cadmium-induced alteration in reproductive variables and serum antioxidants.