African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2020
Malnutrition amongst HIV adult patients in selected hospitals of Bushenyi district in southwestern Uganda.
Malnutrition is an important clinical outcome amongst HIV patients in developing countries and in Uganda, there is scarcity of information on its prevalence and risk factors amongst HIV adult patients. ⋯ Malnutrition is a threat in HIV adult patients in rural communities of Uganda.
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African health sciences · Mar 2020
Observational StudyEffects of second-hand smoking on lung functions in athlete and non-athlete school-aged children - observational study.
Second-hand smoking or environmental tobacco smoke is a critical health risk. Children are the most vulnerable to second-hand smoking because of their small bronchial ducts, less developed immunity, and low-physical activity. ⋯ The outcomes of this study suggest beneficial influences of the sports activity on the lung functions, without different influences of the cyclists and football players on the lung functions.
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African health sciences · Mar 2020
Visual impairment and associated factors among primary school children in Gurage Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Visual impairment is one of the major public health problems worldwide, especially in developing countries. ⋯ This study found that the prevalence of visual impairment was 5.2%.
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African health sciences · Mar 2020
Prevalence and risk factors of gallstone disease in patients undergoing ultrasonography at Mulago hospital, Uganda.
Gallstone disease (GSD) is the most prevalent medical condition in the pancreatobiliary system. The burden of GSD and its complications are major public health issues globally. It is a common cause of surgical intervention, contributing substantially to health care costs. Most patients are asymptomatic, however 20% become symptomatic after 10 years. Its prevalence differs among populations and remains unknown in Uganda. ⋯ The prevalence of GSD is high in Mulago hospital; use of hormonal contraceptives and a previous history of biliary symptoms were significant risk factors for GSD in this study. Majority of patients with GSD were symptomatic with epigastric pain as the cardinal symptom. We recommend a countrywide screening program using abdominal ultrasonography to determine the prevalence of GSD in the general population. There is need to study further the risk of hormonal contraceptive use and GSD. Women on these contraceptives should be informed of the potential risk, and offered alternative options where feasible.
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African health sciences · Mar 2020
Prevalence of insulin resistance and identifying HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR indexes in the Middle Black Sea region of Turkey.
Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the most important etiological risk factors in the development of diabetes. However, there is no clear data regarding the prevalence of IR in the country. ⋯ The cut-off values of HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR were determined in this study and we believe that these findings will be helpful to clinicians in the fight against health problems such as diabetes.