African health sciences
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African health sciences · Mar 2023
Histopathologic patterns of intracranial neoplasms at Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. A ten-year hospital-based retrospective study.
The most common intracranial neoplasm worldwide is meningioma, followed by gliomas, and then pituitary adenomas. There are geographical differences in the pattern of occurrence of intracranial neoplasms.The purpose of this study is to establish the pattern of occurrence of different histological types of intracranial neoplasms with their age and sex distributions in our environment - Lagos, Nigeria.The histological patterns, age, and gender distributions of all the intracranial neoplasms diagnosed within the study period at the Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, LUTH, Lagos, Nigeria were noted and analysed with SPSS version 23. ⋯ The result of the study shows pituitary adenoma to be more common than gliomas, unlike what is seen in Caucasians where the reverse is the case.
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African health sciences · Mar 2023
Cost-effectiveness of dolutegravir vs. efavirenz-based combined antiretroviral therapies in HIV-infected treatment-naive patients in a Nigerian treatment centre.
Dolutegravir (DTG) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) has largely replaced Efavirenz (EFV) based therapy as the preferred first-line regimen in the treatment of adults with HIV. This study was carried out to evaluate the comparative cost-effectiveness of DTG and EFV-based ART in HIV-infected treatment-naïve patients in a treatment centre in Nigeria. ⋯ Efavirenz based regimen had higher treatment effectiveness than DTG-based regimen in treatment-naive patients after initiating treatment in a short term. Compared to EFV, DTG-based regimen is cost-effective in the management of treatment naïve HIV patients.
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African health sciences · Mar 2023
Health managers and community representatives' views of a system-wide intervention to strengthen public healthcare in the Free State, South Africa.
A system-wide health system strengthening (HSS) initiative, the Health Systems Governance and Accountability (HSGA) intervention, was developed, translated to policy, and implemented in the Free State province. This study assessed health managers (HMs) and community representatives' (CRs) views of the intervention and whether it improved integration and performance. ⋯ From the perspectives of HMs and CRs, the implementation of the intervention was viewed as a step forward in strengthening public healthcare to respond to system deficiencies in the Free State province. Earlier engagement of especially operational-level HMs during reforms may be beneficial in successfully implementing HSS interventions.
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African health sciences · Mar 2023
Experiences of mental health problems vulnerability, psychological symptoms and coping mechanisms of displaced adolescents in North-east Nigeria.
At a global level the issue of forcible internal displacement appears to be somewhat growing. Most internally displaced persons in Nigeria are children and adolescents, but most of the existing literature and public debate focus on the experiences and outcomes of displaced adults. ⋯ Internally displaced adolescents' experience of psychological symptoms and choice of coping mechanisms relate to their contextually perceived needs. Psychosocial support for these adolescents is recommended.
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African health sciences · Mar 2023
High prevalence of risky sexual behaviour among key populations receiving antiretroviral therapy at a large HIV clinic in northern Uganda.
Risky sexual behaviour (RSB) among key populations pose a significant risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but remains understudied. ⋯ RSB is highly prevalent among KPLHIV in northern Uganda so they should be targeted with HIV prevention and behavioural interventions to prevent potential HIV transmission to the general population.