CNS drugs
-
Observational Study
Drug Safety Analysis in a Real-Life Cohort of Parkinson's Disease Patients with Polypharmacy.
Polypharmacy is common in geriatric Parkinson's disease (PD) patients in advanced disease stages with multiple comorbidities, bearing multiple risks for drug safety in theory. ⋯ Several medically relevant risk factors (interactions and contraindications) frequently occurred in advanced PD patients. These findings provide a basis for developing programmes for awareness, education, monitoring, and preventive interventions to avoid adverse incidents. Future studies will need to evaluate preventive efficacy of structured drug safety programmes.
-
Psychostimulants are considered first-line pharmacotherapy for youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but questions remain regarding the comparative efficacy of amphetamine- and methylphenidate-based agents. ⋯ NCT01552915 and NCT01552902.
-
Glioblastoma is the most frequent malignant brain tumor and is characterized by poor prognosis, increased invasiveness, and high recurrence rates. Standard treatment for glioblastoma includes maximal safe surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy with temozolomide. Despite treatment advances, only 15-20% of glioblastoma patients survive to 5 years, and no therapies have demonstrated a durable survival benefit in recurrent disease. ⋯ In brain tumors, such as in other solid tumors, we have entered an era of immune-oncology. Immunotherapy seems to have an acceptable safety and tolerability profile in the recurrent setting and is under investigation in clinical trials in newly diagnosed glioblastoma patients. This review focuses on novel targeted therapies recently developed for the management of newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastomas.
-
Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Pregnancy Outcomes Following In Utero Exposure to Lamotrigine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Lamotrigine is used in pregnancy to control epilepsy and mood disorders. The reproductive safety of this widely used drug remains undefined and may represent a significant public health concern. ⋯ No association was found between prenatal lamotrigine monotherapy and increased rates of birth defects and other explored variables related to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
-
Comparative Study
A Retrospective Cohort Study of Acute Kidney Injury Risk Associated with Antipsychotics.
A recent large database analysis raised concerns of potential acute kidney injury (AKI) risk associated with antipsychotics. However, whether individual atypical and typical antipsychotics are associated with differential AKI risks has not been investigated. ⋯ Antipsychotics are associated with differential AKI risks, with several atypical antipsychotics having higher risks than haloperidol. However, the overall incidence of AKI was moderate, and AKI risk should only raise concern for clinicians with elderly patients or patients who are vulnerable to kidney disease.