Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · Mar 2021
Evidence of Gender Differences in the Diagnosis and Management of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients: An Analysis of Electronic Health Records Using Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning.
Background: The impact of sex and gender in the incidence and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains controversial. Here, we aim to describe the characteristics of COVID-19 patients at disease onset, with special focus on the diagnosis and management of female patients with COVID-19. Methods: We explored the unstructured free text in the electronic health records (EHRs) within the SESCAM Healthcare Network (Castilla La-Mancha, Spain). The study sample comprised the entire population with available EHRs (1,446,452 patients) from January 1st to May 1st, 2020. ⋯ Imaging by chest X-ray or blood tests were performed less frequently in females (65.5% vs. 78.3% and 49.5% vs. 63.7%, respectively), all p < 0.001. Regarding hospital resource use, females showed less frequency of hospitalization (44.3% vs. 62.0%) and intensive care unit admission (2.8% vs. 6.3%) than males, all p < 0.001. Conclusion: Our results indicate important sex-dependent differences in the diagnosis, clinical manifestation, and treatment of patients with COVID-19. These results warrant further research to identify and close the gender gap in the ongoing pandemic.
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Journal of women's health · Mar 2021
Meta AnalysisBrexanolone in Postpartum Depression: Post Hoc Analyses to Help Inform Clinical Decision-Making.
Background: Brexanolone (BRX) injection was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 2019 for the treatment of adults with postpartum depression (PPD) based on two Phase 3 clinical trials. Materials and Methods: Data from the three trials were combined. PPD-specific 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) group-level minimal important difference (MID) and patient-level meaningful change (meaningful change threshold [MCT]) were estimated and applied to differences in BRX versus placebo (PBO) at hour 60 (primary endpoint) and day 30 (end of trial follow-up). ⋯ Conclusions: BRX provided meaningful changes relative to PBO, rapid (hour 60), and sustained improvements (day 30) in PPD symptoms, low NNT, and large NNH. These results may help inform treatment decision-making. Clinicaltrials.gov registration numbers: NCT02614547, NCT02942004, and NCT02942017.