Journal of women's health
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Journal of women's health · Oct 2019
Correlates of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination and Association with HPV-16 and HPV-18 DNA Detection in Young Women.
Background: Despite a reduction in the prevalence of vaccine-preventable types of human papillomavirus (HPV), attributed to increased HPV vaccine uptake, HPV continues to be a major cause of cancer in the United States. Methods: We assessed factors associated with self-reported HPV vaccine uptake, HPV vaccination effectiveness, using DNA testing to assess HPV types 16 and/or 18 (HPV 16/18) positivity, and patterns of HPV vaccination in 375 women aged 21-29 years who were eligible to receive catch-up vaccination, using baseline data collected from March 2012 to December 2014 from a randomized controlled trial evaluating a novel approach to cervical cancer screening. Results: More than half (n = 228, 60.8%) of participants reported receipt of at least one HPV vaccine dose and 16 (4.3%) tested positive for HPV 16/18 at baseline. College-educated participants were four times more likely to have been vaccinated than those reporting high school education or less. 56.5% of HPV-vaccinated participants reported first dose after age 18 and 68.4% after first vaginal intercourse. ⋯ Contrary to current guidelines, catch-up females frequently obtain HPV vaccination after age 18 and first vaginal intercourse. Women without a college education represent an ideal population for targeted HPV vaccination efforts that emphasize vaccination before sexual debut.
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Journal of women's health · Oct 2019
Increased Risk of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Taiwanese Women with Chronic Periodontitis: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women of reproductive age. Both hormonal and inflammatory influences are assumed to affect periodontal tissues. Previous studies have shown that PCOS patients could have higher prevalence of gingival inflammation. ⋯ The risk of PCOS was analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression models, including sex, age, and comorbidities. Results: In this study, 24,410 female patients with CP (mean age: 35.14 ± 8.81 years) and 24,410 controls (mean age: 35.14 ± 8.8 years) were observed for 8.89 and 8.85 years, respectively. A total of 441 cases of PCOS were identified in CP cohort and 304 cases in non-CP cohort. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that the incidence rate of PCOS was significantly higher in CP cohort than those in non-CP cohort (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.44, 95% confidence interval: 1.24-1.67). Conclusions: Taken together, this nationwide retrospective cohort study demonstrated that the risk of PCOS was significantly higher in female patients with CP than those without CP in Taiwan.
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Journal of women's health · Oct 2019
A Survey of Women and Their Providers Regarding Gestational Weight Gain.
Background: Inappropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) is prevalent in the United States. About 20% of women gain below Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations; more than 50% gain above. GWG outside of recommendations is linked to poor birth outcomes and health issues for mother and baby. ⋯ Providers underestimated the proportion of their patients that gained below IOM recommendations (8.5% vs. 18.6%). Conclusions: Providers are aware of the dangers of excessive GWG and a majority of patients report receiving counseling. Providers appear more cognizant of excessive GWG and underestimate inadequate GWG. Most women are not achieving an appropriate GWG, with overweight and obese women especially likely to gain above recommendations.
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Journal of women's health · Oct 2019
Can the Impact of Interpersonal Violence on Current Health-Related Quality of Life Be Mitigated?
Background: Interpersonal violence continues to affect health long after violence has ended. This analysis investigated stress, support, and health behaviors as mediators potentially explaining persistent health impacts of violence. Methods: Using a cross-sectional analysis of 12,594 women "Wellness, Health & You" (WHY) participants, authors measured violence as intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assaults (SA), and childhood abuse (CA) by recency (current, past as an adult, or child) and number of violence forms. Current health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) was defined using the most recent survey as physical and mental health limiting usual activities for at least 4 days in the past 30 days. ⋯ IPV, SA, and CA were each associated with poorer current HR-QOL, yet, WHY participants experiencing all three forms had a sixfold increased rate of poor mental HR-QOL (Model 1: aPRRs = 6.23 [95% confidence interval, 95% CI: 4.87-7.97]) versus no violence. Stress was the mediator associated with the greatest change in aPRRs (-34.7%; Model 2: aPRR = 4.07 [95% CI: 3.13-5.30]). When all mediators were included (Model 5: aPRR = 3.01 [95% CI: 2.29-3.96]), partial mediation was observed, evidenced by nonoverlapping CIs between Models 1 and 5. Conclusions: Of relevance for interventions are findings that current health impacts of past violence may be mitigated through reducing current stress.
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Journal of women's health · Oct 2019
Risky Sexual Behaviors and Repeat Induced Abortion Among Unmarried Young Women in China: Results from a Large, Nationwide, Population-Based Sample.
Background: Young women are disadvantaged with respect to their ability to access contraception, which puts them at especially high risk of repeat induced abortion. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of repeat induced abortion and to identify its association with risky sexual behaviors among unmarried young women in China. Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from the Survey of Youth Access to Reproductive Health in China and collected using probability proportionate to size sampling. Population numbers and prevalence of repeat induced abortion by characteristics were calculated among 11,076 unmarried young women aged 15-24 years. ⋯ Among sexually active young women, the prevalence of abortion was 4.40% (95% CI: 3.6-5.4). Condom nonuse during the first sexual experience (odds ratio = 2.72, 95% CI: 1.55-4.76), sexual activity with multiple partners (9.71, 5.61-16.81), being forced to have sexual intercourse (4.46, 1.44-13.76), casual sex (5.77, 3.28-10.13), commercial sex (4.51, 2.01-10.12), condom nonuse during the most recent sexual encounter (2.01, 1.31-3.08), and having any of the above behaviors (5.68, 2.26-14.28) were associated with repeat abortion. Conclusions: Risky sexual behaviors were associated with repeat abortion among unmarried young women in China. The findings highlight the need for reproductive health promotion programs for unmarried young women in China and other similar settings.