JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Feb 2016
ReviewPrevalence of Underprescription or Overprescription of Energy Needs in Critically Ill Mechanically Ventilated Adults as Determined by Indirect Calorimetry: A Systematic Literature Review.
Underfeeding and overfeeding has been associated with adverse patient outcomes. Resting energy expenditure can be measured using indirect calorimetry. In its absence, predictive equations are used. A systematic literature review was conducted to determine the prevalence of underprescription and overprescription of energy needs in adult mechanically ventilated critically ill patients by comparing predictive equations to indirect calorimetry measurements. ⋯ Large discrepancies exist between predictive equation estimates and indirect calorimetry measurements in individuals and groups. Further research is needed to determine the influence of indirect calorimetry and predictive equation limitations in contributing to these observed differences.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Feb 2016
ReviewPrevalence of Underprescription or Overprescription of Energy Needs in Critically Ill Mechanically Ventilated Adults as Determined by Indirect Calorimetry: A Systematic Literature Review.
Underfeeding and overfeeding has been associated with adverse patient outcomes. Resting energy expenditure can be measured using indirect calorimetry. In its absence, predictive equations are used. A systematic literature review was conducted to determine the prevalence of underprescription and overprescription of energy needs in adult mechanically ventilated critically ill patients by comparing predictive equations to indirect calorimetry measurements. ⋯ Large discrepancies exist between predictive equation estimates and indirect calorimetry measurements in individuals and groups. Further research is needed to determine the influence of indirect calorimetry and predictive equation limitations in contributing to these observed differences.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jan 2016
Review Meta AnalysisEfficacy of Glutamine-Enriched Nutrition Support for Patients With Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Meta-Analysis.
Plasma glutamine (Gln) level has been negatively correlated with the severity of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Although Gln is widely used today, the results of individual randomized controlled trials of Gln-enriched nutrition support for patients with SAP are conflicting. ⋯ Gln-enriched nutrition support is superior to conventional methods for SAP, and intravenous infusion may be a better choice for drug administration.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Sep 2015
ReviewPast, Present, and Future of Lipid Resuscitation Therapy.
Lipid resuscitation therapy was identified in 1998 as an effective treatment for local anesthetic systemic toxicity in an animal model. Since the original observation, the field has progressed tremendously with successful clinical translation and expansion of use to treatment of other types of drug overdose. Recent work has expanded our understanding of the mechanism of this novel treatment, one that includes both a dynamic scavenging component and direct cardiotonic effect. In this review, we discuss the past, present, and future of lipid resuscitation therapy with a focus on our understanding of the mechanism and directions that the field is moving, both from a clinical and basic research side.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · May 2014
ReviewPharmacologic options for intestinal rehabilitation in patients with short bowel syndrome.
A primary goal of intestinal rehabilitation programs is to facilitate intestinal adaptation. Adult patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) who are dependent on parenteral nutrition and/or intravenous fluid (PN/IV) support have 2 hormonal pharmacologic treatment options available that may promote intestinal growth: a glucagon-like peptide 2 analog (teduglutide) and recombinant human growth hormone (somatropin). In two phase III clinical trials (N=169), 24 weeks of teduglutide administered to outpatients with SBS resulted in significant decreases in PN/IV volume requirements of 2.5-4.4 L/wk. ⋯ The most common adverse events were peripheral edema and musculoskeletal events. Large-scale, long-term follow-up studies of somatropin for SBS have not been conducted. Although treatment for patients with SBS must be individualized, teduglutide and somatropin are positive extensions to existing fluid and nutrient management strategies.