JPEN. Journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · May 2018
Observational StudyDoes Propofol Sedation Contribute to Overall Energy Provision in Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Adults? A Retrospective Observational Study.
Propofol sedation is common in critically ill patients, providing energy of 1.1 kcal/mL when administered as a 1% solution. We aimed to determine the proportion of energy administered as propofol on days 1-5 in the intensive care unit (ICU) and any association with outcomes. ⋯ Propofol contributes to overall energy intake on days 1-5 of ICU admission. Energy balance was higher in those receiving propofol. No association was found between the proportion of energy delivered as propofol and outcomes.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · May 2018
Long-Term Therapy With Teduglutide in Parenteral Support-Dependent Patients With Short Bowel Syndrome: A Case Series.
To review all cases of parenteral support (PS)-dependent patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) treated with teduglutide (Gattex, Shire) and to evaluate its efficacy and adverse effects. ⋯ All PS-dependent SBS patients treated with teduglutide were weaned off PS. Patients with colon in continuity and lower PS weekly volume requirements were weaned off PS sooner than those with end-stomas and higher PS volume requirements. Teduglutide was well tolerated. Additional clinical studies of teduglutide in SBS patients with marginal PS requirements are needed.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Mar 2018
ReviewControversies Surrounding Critical Care Nutrition: An Appraisal of Permissive Underfeeding, Protein, and Outcomes.
Over the past few years, numerous studies have called into question the optimal dose, timing, composition, and advancement rate of nutrition during the early acute phase of critical illness. These studies suggest permissive underfeeding with slow advancement may be more beneficial than aggressive full feeding. These counterintuitive results were possibly explained by enhanced autophagy, less hyperglycemia, or prevention of refeeding syndrome. This review underscores the controversies surrounding permissive underfeeding, aims to answer whether permissive underfeeding is appropriate for all critically ill patients, describes the impact of optimal protein delivery on critical care outcomes, discusses nutrition risk, and cogitates on the impact of nutrition on critical care outcomes.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jan 2018
Multicenter StudyEstablishing Decision Trees for Predicting Successful Postpyloric Nasoenteric Tube Placement in Critically Ill Patients.
Despite the use of prokinetic agents, the overall success rate for postpyloric placement via a self-propelled spiral nasoenteric tube is quite low. ⋯ Both the CHAID and LR models achieved an acceptable discrimination for predicting successful postpyloric nasoenteric tube placement and were useful for intensivists in the setting of self-propelled spiral nasoenteric tube insertion.
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JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr · Jan 2018
Diagnosing Sarcopenia in Male Patients With Cirrhosis by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Estimates of Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass.
Ascites in cirrhotic patients interfere with accurate assessment of skeletal muscle when diagnosing sarcopenia. We hypothesized measurement of appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) improves the diagnosis of sarcopenia in cirrhotic patients as ASMI does not include the fluid-filled abdominal compartment. ⋯ DXA-measured ASMI is not influenced by ascites or LLE in cirrhotic patients; can diagnose low skeletal muscle/sarcopenia; and predicts mortality, particularly when combined with HGS.