A&A practice
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Review Case Reports
Kratom and General Anesthesia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Kratom is a botanical substance derived from the Mitragyna speciosa plant, which grows naturally in Southeast Asia. Its active compounds include alkaloids with psychoactive and opioid properties. ⋯ Both the US Food and Drug Administration and the Drug Enforcement Agency warn against the use of kratom. Here is the first reported case of an anesthetic in a patient using kratom for chronic pain.
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Review Case Reports
Dexmedetomidine-Induced Massive Diuresis in a Patient Undergoing Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Case Report and Synthesis of the Literature.
Dexmedetomidine is an α2-adrenergic sedative-hypnotic medication used as an adjunct to general anesthesia. While experimental studies in animals have demonstrated a mild diuretic effect of dexmedetomidine, only recently have case reports described dexmedetomidine-induced diuresis in humans. ⋯ Here, we report a case of a 30-year-old woman undergoing cervical spinal fusion surgery who experienced a massive diuresis starting 30 minutes after receiving dexmedetomidine intravenous infusion. We discuss the differential diagnosis and synthesize the current literature on this rare effect.
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We present a rarely described complication of unilateral rhinorrhea and sneezing in a patient who received intravenous sedation with propofol and supplemental oxygen via a nasal cannula during upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The literature is reviewed and a mechanism is proposed. Mechanical irritation of the nasal mucosa is felt to be the trigger. Suggestions to avoid and to treat are offered.
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Review Case Reports
Oropharyngeal Stenosis Leading to an Unanticipated Difficult Airway in a Patient After Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Oropharyngeal stenosis can manifest as a rare complication after surgery for obstructive sleep apnea or tonsillectomy. Scar tissue formation from oropharyngeal stenosis may impede tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway insertion. We report the case of an asymptomatic adult woman found to have oropharyngeal stenosis after induction of anesthesia and discuss the management of this challenging scenario. We also contrast oropharyngeal stenosis with nasopharyngeal stenosis, another rare complication of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.