The Lancet. Public health
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The Lancet. Public health · Mar 2021
Incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis in incarcerated populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Prisons are recognised as high-risk environments for tuberculosis, but there has been little systematic investigation of the global and regional incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis, and its determinants, in prisons. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the incidence and prevalence of tuberculosis in incarcerated populations by geographical region. ⋯ US National Institutes of Health.
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The Lancet. Public health · Mar 2021
Comparative StudyComparative cost-effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing strategies in the USA: a modelling study.
To mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic, countries worldwide have enacted unprecedented movement restrictions, physical distancing measures, and face mask requirements. Until safe and efficacious vaccines or antiviral drugs become widely available, viral testing remains the primary mitigation measure for rapid identification and isolation of infected individuals. We aimed to assess the economic trade-offs of expanding and accelerating testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) across the USA in different transmission scenarios. ⋯ US National Institutes of Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Love, Tito's.
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The Lancet. Public health · Feb 2021
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care-recorded mental illness and self-harm episodes in the UK: a population-based cohort study.
The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected population mental health. We aimed to assess temporal trends in primary care-recorded common mental illness, episodes of self-harm, psychotropic medication prescribing, and general practitioner (GP) referrals to mental health services during the COVID-19 emergency in the UK. ⋯ National Institute for Health Research and Medical Research Council.
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The Lancet. Public health · Jan 2021
Observational StudyDetecting COVID-19 infection hotspots in England using large-scale self-reported data from a mobile application: a prospective, observational study.
As many countries seek to slow the spread of COVID-19 without reimposing national restrictions, it has become important to track the disease at a local level to identify areas in need of targeted intervention. ⋯ Zoe Global, UK Government Department of Health and Social Care, Wellcome Trust, UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, UK National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council and British Heart Foundation, Alzheimer's Society, Chronic Disease Research Foundation.
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The Lancet. Public health · Jan 2021
Effect of internationally imported cases on internal spread of COVID-19: a mathematical modelling study.
Countries have restricted international arrivals to delay the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). These measures carry a high economic and social cost, and might have little effect on COVID-19 epidemics if there are many more cases resulting from local transmission compared with imported cases. Our study aims to investigate the extent to which imported cases contribute to local transmission under different epidemic conditions. ⋯ Wellcome Trust, UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, European Commission, National Institute for Health Research, Medical Research Council, and Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.