Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2022
ReviewHIV reservoir: antiviral immune responses and immune interventions for curing HIV infection.
Antiretroviral therapy against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is effective in controlling viral replication but cannot completely eliminate HIV due to the persistence of the HIV reservoir. Innate and adaptive immune responses have been proposed to contribute to preventing HIV acquisition, controlling HIV replication and eliminating HIV-infected cells. However, the immune responses naturally induced in HIV-infected individuals rarely eradicate HIV infection, which may be caused by immune escape, an inadequate magnitude and breadth of immune responses, and immune exhaustion. ⋯ Moreover, immune interventions aimed at improving host immune response can reduce HIV reservoirs, which have become one focus in the development of innovative strategies to eliminate HIV reservoirs. In this review, we focus on the immune response against HIV and how antiviral immune responses affect HIV reservoirs. We also discuss the development of innovative strategies aiming to eliminate HIV reservoirs and promoting functional cure of HIV infection.
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2022
Observational StudyPersistently low CD4 cell counts are associated with hepatic events in HCV/HIV coinfected patients: data from the national free antiretroviral treatment program of China.
Chronic liver disease has emerged as a leading cause of non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related mortality in hepatitis C virus (HCV)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-coinfected patients. The relationship between CD4 cell count and HIV-related opportunistic infections and tumors has been well characterized; however, it is unclear whether CD4 cell count is associated with HCV-related hepatic events. ⋯ Persistently low CD4 cell counts after ART are independently associated with a high risk of hepatic events in HCV/HIV-coinfected patients, highlighting the important role of immune reconstitution in improving liver outcomes.
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Chinese medical journal · Nov 2022
Low rate of pre-exposure prophylaxis and post-exposure prophylaxis uptake and high prevalence of transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed primary HIV infections in Shenzhen, China: a real-world retrospective study.
Understanding the characteristics of newly diagnosed primary human deficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in the context of the post-antiretroviral therapy era and HIV drug prophylaxis is essential for achieving the new target of 95-95-95-95 by 2025. This study reported the characteristics of newly diagnosed primary HIV-1 infection in Shenzhen. ⋯ Owing to the low utilization rate and incorrect usage of PrEP and PEP, massive efforts are needed to promote HIV-preventive strategies in the MSM population. The extremely high prevalence of TDR mutation in this population implies the need for future pretreatment drug resistance surveillance.