Chinese medical journal
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Chinese medical journal · Jul 2022
ReviewBile reflux and bile acids in the progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia.
Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is a precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (GC) and is considered an irreversible point of progression for GC. Helicobacter pylori infection can cause GIM, but its eradication still does not reverse the process. Bile reflux is also a pathogenic factor in GIM and can continuously irritate the gastric mucosa, and bile acids in refluxed fluid have been widely reported to be associated with GIM. This paper reviews in detail the relationship between bile reflux and GIM and the mechanisms by which bile acids induce GIM.
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Chinese medical journal · Jul 2022
Roles of organelle-specific autophagy in hepatocytes in the development and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a disorder of lipid metabolism. The lipotoxic intermediates of lipid metabolism cause mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress. ⋯ Lipophagy contributes to lipid turnover by degrading lipid droplets. The level of autophagy changes during the course of NAFLD, and the activation of hepatocyte autophagy might represent a method of treating NAFLD.
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Chinese medical journal · Jul 2022
Current status, trends, and predictions in the burden of gallbladder and biliary tract cancer in China from 1990 to 2019.
Gallbladder and biliary tract cancer (GBTC) has greatly damaged the health of patients and is accompanied by a dismal prognosis. The worldwide distribution of GBTC shows extensive variance and the updated data in China is lacking. This study was to determine the current status, trends, and predictions in the burden of GBTC over the past 30 years in China. ⋯ GBTC is becoming a major health burden in China, particularly among males and older individuals. Given the aging population and increasing burden, effective strategies and measurements are urged to prevent or reduce the number of new cases and deaths of GBTC.
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Chinese medical journal · Jul 2022
Inactivation of tumor suppressor TAp63 by hepatitis B virus X protein in hepatocellular carcinoma.
The hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the early stage of the disease, HBx facilitates tumor onset by inactivating the tumor suppressor p53. The p53-encoding gene, however, is frequently mutated or deleted as the cancer progresses to the late stage and, under such circumstance, the p53 homolog TAp63 can harness HCC growth by transactivating several important p53-target genes. ⋯ HBV induces progression of HCC that harbors defective p53 by inhibiting the tumor suppressor TAp63.
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Chinese medical journal · Jul 2022
Patients with breath test positive are necessary to be identified from irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical trial based on microbiomics and rifaximin sensitivity.
As a non-invasive and effective diagnostic method for small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), wild-use of breath test (BT) has demonstrated a high comorbidity rate in patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) and SIBO. Patients overlapping with SIBO respond better to rifaximin therapy than those with IBS-D only. Gut microbiota plays a critical role in both of these two diseases. We aimed to determine the microbial difference between IBS-D overlapping with/without SIBO, and to study the underlying mechanism of its sensitivity to rifaximin. ⋯ Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1800017911.