Clinical toxicology : the official journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Case ReportsThe role of calcium oxalate crystal deposition in cerebral vessels during ethylene glycol poisoning.
Ethylene glycol (EG) poisoning can lead to serious morbidity or death, which occurs following conversion of ethylene glycol to toxic metabolites. These metabolites affect multiple organ/systems leading to metabolic acidosis, cardiopulmonary depression, acute renal failure and central nervous system deficits. ⋯ We describe a case of fatal EG poisoning in which the development of rapid cerebral edema was documented by CT scan and was accompanied by definitive evidence of birefringent crystals within walls of CNS blood vessels, with associated inflammation and edema. This case and others in the literature suggest that cerebral edema, and perhaps injury to other organs, could result from oxalate crystal deposition in small blood vessels in the brain and other organs.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Comparative StudyA comparison of vasopressin and glucagon in beta-blocker induced toxicity.
We compared the efficacy of vasopressin and glucagon in a porcine model of beta-blocker toxicity. Our primary outcome was survival over 4 hours. ⋯ In this beta-blocker toxicity model, there were no differences in the survival curves between vasopressin- and glucagon-treated pigs during a 4-hour analysis period. No overall differences were noted in MAP, systolic BP, CO, HR, pH, or glucose levels, although vasopressin treatment yielded higher MAP and systolic BP early in resuscitation.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Analysis of 8000 hospital admissions for acute poisoning in a rural area of Sri Lanka.
Acute poisoning, especially deliberate self-poisoning with agricultural pesticides, is an emerging global public health problem, but reliable incidence estimates are lacking. Only a few previous studies have assessed the impact of regulatory or other preventive measures. ⋯ Regulatory control of highly toxic pesticides provides important health benefits, especially in terms of lower number of deaths from self-poisoning. However, despite the positive effect of these bans, many deaths from pesticide self-poisoning still occur after ingestion of agricultural pesticides classified as only moderately poisonous.
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Clin Toxicol (Phila) · Jan 2006
Evaluation of several clinical scoring tools in organophosphate poisoned patients.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, III and Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) as predictors of severity of organophosphate poisoning (OPP). ⋯ The APACHE II, III and SAPS II clinical scoring tools seem to predict the severity of organophosphate poisoning, and may have prognostic value.