Clinics
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The authors determined the level of Expression of Leptin (LEP) in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) patients with or without obesity and in GCs treated with insulin. ⋯ The present data suggest that upregulation of LEP expression in the PCOS granulosa cell model is essential for reducing apoptosis and inflammation by modulating the JAK1/STAT3 pathway axis.
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The CA1 region of the hippocampus has an important role in learning and memory. It has been shown that estrogen deficiency may reduce the synaptic density in the region and that hormone replacement therapy may attenuate the reduction. ⋯ The present data suggest that the raloxifene effect may be lower than that of estrogen, even early or late treatment, on synaptic density in the hippocampus.