Internal and emergency medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
Gender differences and survival after an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Patients who experience out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) have unacceptably high mortality rates. It remains unclear whether gender has an association with survival in this regard. Hence, we aimed to investigate the association between gender and survival by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis. ⋯ Eleven studies with ORs were pooled, showing a significant survival benefit in women (OR = 1.08, p < 0.05, I2 = 52.3%). In the subgroup analysis, both premenopausal women (< 50 years) (OR = 1.42, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%) and postmenopausal women (≥ 50 years) (OR = 1.07, p < 0.05, I2 = 16.4%) had higher odds of survival compared with age-matched men. Despite the unfavorable factors, the pooled results showed a significant survival benefit in women after OHCA, especially in premenopausal women.
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Thyroid storm is a rare and life-threatening disease. However, its prevalence, incidence, and mortality rate in Chinese population are unknown. We performed a retrospective study using the Taiwan Health and Welfare Data. ⋯ Thyroid storm, older age, male, and underlying ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, cancer, end stage renal diseases were associated with a significantly higher risk of mortality. In conclusion, the 90-day mortality rate of thyroid storm was high and was commonly associated with multiorgan failure and shock. Therefore, clinical physicians should identify thyroid storm and treat it accordingly.
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Proton pump inhibitors (PPI)-related hypomagnesemia is a potentially life-threatening adverse event first described in 2006. PPIs are widely used in the general population. Information regarding prevalence and risk factors is scarce. ⋯ Adult patients with long-term use of PPIs have a high prevalence of hypomagnesemia. Increasing age, female sex, concomitant use of drugs that impair tubular function and chronic kidney disease may enhance this phenomenon. Anemia, hyponatremia and malignant bone compromise were associated factors with PPIs-related hypomagnesemia.