Clinical interventions in aging
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Association between a frailty index based on common laboratory tests and QTc prolongation in older adults: the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study.
Risk factors for heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) proglongation should be explored to stratify high-risk individuals to aid the prevention of incident cardiovascular events and mortality. The diversity of risk factors for QTc prolongation suggests that use of the frailty index (FI), indicating general health deficits, may be an effective approach, especially in the elderly, to identify the risk of QTc prolongation. ⋯ An FI based on routine laboratory data can identify older adults at increased risk for QTc prolongation. The FI approach may therefore be useful for the risk stratification of QTc prolongation.
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Comparative Study
Risk evaluation of new-onset atrial fibrillation complicating ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a comparison between GRACE and CHA2DS2-VASc scores.
New-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF) is a common finding in patients with myocardial infarction (MI), but few studies are available regarding the prediction model for its risk estimation. Although Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score (RS) has been recognized as an effective tool for the risk evaluation of clinical outcomes in patients with MI, its usefulness in the prediction of post-MI NOAF remains unclear. In this study, we sought to validate the discrimination performance of GRACE RS in the prediction of post-MI NOAF and to make a comparison with that of the CHA2DS2-VASc score in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). ⋯ The diagnostic performance of GRACE RS is relatively high as well as better than that of the CHA2DS2-VASc score with respect to the prediction of post-MI NOAF.
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To investigate the incidences of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) before and after operation in inpatients with hip fractures in both lower extremities. ⋯ The actual incidence of DVT after hip fracture may be underestimated. The incidences of preoperative and postoperative DVTs and the incidence of DVT on the uninjured limb were high.
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Observational Study
Frailty and nutritional status in older people: the Mini Nutritional Assessment as a screening tool for the identification of frail subjects.
Frailty is a condition characterized by reduced resistance to low-level stress events, resulting from the progressive decline of multiple physiological systems observed with aging. Many factors can contribute to the pathogenesis of frailty, and nutritional status appears to play a key role. The objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between nutritional status, evaluated using Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and frailty among older people. ⋯ Malnutrition contributes to the development of frailty. MNA can generate vital information to help identify a substantial part of both frail and pre-frail patients at low cost and care.
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Remifentanil infusion during emergence lowers cough. Effect-site concentration (Ce) of remifentanil using target-controlled infusion (TCI) has been evaluated in previous studies. Recent studies revealed the existence of sex-related differences in remifentanil Ce in young and elderly patients. Thus, there was the need to re-evaluate the effect of age in single sex. We investigated the remifentanil Ce for suppressing emergence cough in young and elderly male patients and evaluated the age-related differences. ⋯ The remifentanil Ce for suppressing emergence cough following extubation during general anesthesia was comparable between young and elderly male patients. It indicates that age-related differences in remifentanil requirement for suppressing emergence cough did not exist in male sex.