Clinical interventions in aging
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Against the background of conflicting data on the topic, this study aimed to determine the differences in longer-term patient outcomes following major trauma with regard to age. ⋯ Given the small impact of age on the longer-term outcomes of major trauma patients, at least up to the age of 80 years, resuscitation as well as rehabilitation strategies should be adapted accordingly.
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Previous studies reported that hypertrophied superior articular process (SAP) was associated with an increased risk of lumbar foraminal stenosis. However, no study investigated the effect of SAP hypertrophy in lumbar central canal spinal stenosis (LCCSS). We hypothesized that the SAP cross-sectional area (SAPCSA) is the main morphologic feature in the diagnosis of LCCSS. ⋯ Higher SAPCSA values were associated with a higher possibility of LCCSS. These results are important in the evaluation of patients with LCCSS.
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Observational Study
A novel pain assessment tool incorporating automated facial analysis: interrater reliability in advanced dementia.
Regardless of its severity, dementia does not negate the experience of pain. Rather, dementia hinders self-reporting mechanisms in affected individuals because they lose the ability to do so. The primary aim of this study was to examine the interrater reliability of the electronic Pain Assessment Tool (ePAT) among raters when assessing pain in residents with moderate-to-severe dementia. Secondly, it sought to examine the relationship between total instrument scores and facial scores, as determined by automated facial expression analysis. ⋯ ePAT, which combines automated facial expression analysis and clinical behavioral indicators in a single observational pain assessment tool, demonstrates good reliability properties, which supports its appropriateness for use in residents with advanced dementia.
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The treatment of pain and treatment of anxiety are two of the most complex issues in nursing homes worldwide, mainly because of the large numbers of people with cognitive impairment who reside in this environment. ⋯ This study indicates that treatment effects should be better monitored.
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The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of frailty and its relationship with health care use among community-dwelling older adults with diabetes. ⋯ Our results highlight the high prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older adults with diabetes. Furthermore, being frail is associated with a greater burden of hospitalizations and emergency department visits.