Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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Multicenter Study
Patients' Knowledge, Beliefs, and Distress Associated with Detection and Evaluation of Incidental Pulmonary Nodules for Cancer: Results from a Multicenter Survey.
Pulmonary nodules are detected in more than 1 million Americans each year. Prior qualitative work suggests that the detection of incidental pulmonary nodules can be burdensome for patients, but whether these findings generalize to a broader sample of patients is unknown. We categorized patients' knowledge, beliefs, and distress associated with detection and evaluation of a pulmonary nodule, as well as their impressions of clinician communication. ⋯ A quarter of patients with incidental pulmonary nodules experienced clinically significant distress. Knowledge about cancer risk and evaluation was poor. Clinician communication may help bridge knowledge gaps and alleviate distress in some patients.
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Multicenter Study
Combined Pan-HER and ALK/ROS1/MET Inhibition with Dacomitinib and Crizotinib in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results of a Phase I Study.
This phase I study investigated the activity of the irreversible pan-human epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor dacomitinib in combination with the mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor/anaplastic lymphoma kinase/ROS proto-oncogene 1, receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor crizotinib in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. ⋯ The combination of dacomitinib and crizotinib showed limited antitumor activity in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and was associated with substantial toxicity.
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The National Lung Screening Trial has achieved a 7% reduction in total mortality with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening as compared with in the chest radiography arm. Other randomized trials are under way, comparing LDCT screening with no intervention. None of these studies was designed to investigate the impact of smoking habits on screening outcome. In the present study, we tested the effect of stopping smoking on the overall mortality of participants undergoing repeated LDCT screening for many years. ⋯ Stopping smoking significantly reduces the overall mortality of smokers enrolled in LDCT screening programs. The beneficial effect of stopping smoking on total mortality appears to be threefold to fivefold greater than the one achieved by earlier detection in the National Lung Screening Trial.
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Multicenter Study
Retrospective Multicenter Study Investigating the Role of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing of Selected Cancer Genes in Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Lung.
Mucin-rich lung adenocarcinomas (ADCs), namely mucinous and colloid ADCs, are classified as ADC variants according to the World Health Organization 2015 classification. A correlation between morphological patterns and mutational status of these rare entities is not well established. ⋯ Our data showed that mucinous ADCs have peculiar pathological and molecular features that might suggest the need for a differentially tailored therapeutic approach compared with that to conventional lung ADC.
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The toxic effects of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) and platinum-based chemotherapy on cognition in the lung cancer population have not yet been well established. In the present study we examined the longitudinal neuropsychological and brain structural changes observed in patients with lung cancer who were undergoing these treatments. ⋯ This longitudinal study documents moderate neuropsychological deficits together with notable brain-specific structural changes (in GM and WM) in patients with SCLC after chemotherapy and PCI, suggesting that chemotherapy and especially PCI are associated with the development of cognitive and structural brain toxic effects.