Neonatology
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Sepsis continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in newborns. ⋯ We conclude that p38 MAPK phosphorylation is crucially involved in LPS activation and could explain the differences in early cytokine response between neonatal and adult blood.
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When 30 s of initial positive pressure ventilation fails to stabilize the heart rate (HR) of newborns in the delivery room, the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation guidelines recommend initiation of cardiac compressions. However, it may take longer than 30 s to establish effective pulmonary gas exchange. Whether a longer period of initial ventilation to reverse asphyxia would result in less need for cardiac compressions is unknown. ⋯ Although an additional 30 s to ensure effective ventilation does not impair the speed or success in achieving ROSC, delaying circulatory support for as long as 1.5 min of initial ventilation may be harmful.