Journal of Nepal Health Research Council
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There was an outbreak of diarrheal diseases in districts of far-western region of Nepal in late-2009 followed by massive outbreak in Jajarkot district of mid-western region in early-2009. The objective of this study was to explore the causative organism and analyse the sensitivity pattern of the antibiotics in the local context to suggest the use of medicine in future diarrhea outbreak in Nepal. ⋯ Cholera was found to be the most important cause for the occurrence of outbreak in far-western region in 2009. The commonly used antibiotics can be prescribed along with the appropriate rehydration measures.
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This article presents the foundations for building an emergency medicine training program, particularly in an environment with limited resources. It describes the history of the development of EM, what it is, how EM is practised in a typical hospital emergency department and who else is building EM training programs. The experience of establishing EM training in Papua New Guinea provides a model for development in other resource-limited environments. Strategies to establish training and to build the credibility and role of EM within the health system are described.
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J Nepal Health Res Counc · Sep 2012
Review Historical ArticleThe Declaration of Helsinki in relation to medical research: historical and current perspectives.
Medical research aims at improving diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic measures and understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of diseases in humans, and their application to improve the quality of life and survival. The subjects involved are exposed to hazards inherent to the experiments. In order to protect the human subjects and to maintain high ethical standards, the World Medical Association had adopted the "Declaration of Helsinki" in 1964. The aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive review on the historical and current perspectives on the Declaration of Helsinki in relation to medical research on human subjects.
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J Nepal Health Res Counc · Sep 2012
Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A in a tertiary care hospital.
Enteric fever is still an important public health problem in developing countries including Nepal. A changing antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A and emergence of multi drug resistance has increased to a great concern. Aim of the study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi A. ⋯ A considerable variation was observed in the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of S.typhi and S. paratyphi A. Hence antibiotic susceptibility test must be sought before instituting appropriate therapy to prevent from further emergence of drug resistance.
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J Nepal Health Res Counc · Jan 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialStudy of haemodynamic and endocrine stress responses following carbon dioxide pneumoperitonium.
The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of oral gabapentin or clonidine versus placebo premedication on haemodynamic and endocrine responses in patients of American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical status I and II undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. ⋯ Oral clonidine or gabapentin premedication offers intraoperative haemodynamic stability in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. When serum cortisol is taken as a stress marker, gabapentin group exhibited significant attenuation of stress of PP, p<0.05.