The clinical respiratory journal
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Review Case Reports
Organizing pneumonia related to electronic cigarette use: A case report and review of literature.
Electronic cigarettes (e cigarettes) are battery operated devices that produce aerosol by heating a solution typically made up of nicotine, propylene glycol, glycerin and flavouring agents. The use of e cigarettes has risen dramatically in recent years especially among adolescents and young adults. These devices have been marketed as safer alternatives to tobacco smoking by their manufactures despite lack of adequate safety data. ⋯ As the current data on health effects of e cigarettes is limited, case reports can serve important piece of information in this regard. The use of e cigarettes has increased exponentially in recent years and continue to rise; therefore, physicians should be aware of adverse effects and toxicity related to its use.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
One minute sit-to-stand test is an alternative to 6MWT to measure functional exercise performance in COPD patients.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequently associated with a reduced functional exercise performance. Even if this parameter is routinely evaluated using 6-minute walking test (6MWT), new field tests are regularly investigated as alternative tests. The aim of this study was to compare functional exercise performance evaluation by sit-to-stand test (STST) and 6MWT and to evaluate reliability and repeatability of the STST in COPD patients. ⋯ The one minute sit-to-stand test is a valuable alternative to 6MWT to estimate functional exercise performance in COPD patients. The cardiorespiratory demand is different between both tests although the variation of dypsnea is similar. No learning effect was observed for STST.
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Comparative Study
Prognostic evaluation by oxygenation with positive end-expiratory pressure in acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A retrospective cohort study.
Acute exacerbation (AE) is a severe complication of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which shares some common pathological features with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The new definition of ARDS requires positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) to assess gas exchange and has better predictive validity for short-term mortality compared with the previous definition. ⋯ Evaluation of oxygenation with PEEP may provide useful information for predicting short-term mortality in patients with AE-IPF.
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Multicenter Study
Lung cancer in patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema revisited with the 2015 World Health Organization classification of lung tumors.
Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is a newly defined entity that comprises upper lobe emphysema and lower lobe fibrosis. Patients with CPFE are at high risk for lung cancer and have poor prognoses. To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of lung cancer with CPFE, lung cancers with CPFE and non-CPFE interstitial lung disease (ILD) were reevaluated by 2015 WHO classification and compared. ⋯ Lung cancers with CPFE show some unique clinical characteristics, and the distinct histological subtype may have therapeutic implication.
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Clinical Trial
Tracheobronchial foreign body removal in infants who had very small airways: A prospective clinical trial.
Tracheobronchial foreign body aspiration is a life-threatening emergency. Using a rigid bronchoscope with optical forceps is the most effective method for foreign body removal. However, occasionally for some infants these instruments could not be used, as they may be too large for their small airways. Here, they present the apnea technique with only an optical forceps for foreign body removal in infants with very small airways. ⋯ The apnea technique for the removal of foreign body from the airway, using only an optical forceps with an endoscope, is useful in infants who had very small airways.