The clinical respiratory journal
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To estimate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence in Uppsala and the impact of risk factors on disease prevalence using the standardised methods of the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) study initiative. ⋯ COPD prevalence in Uppsala was similar to other BOLD centres in high-income countries. Apart from known COPD risk factors (age, smoking, lower educational level), a history of tuberculosis may be associated with COPD even in high-income countries. COPD remains under-diagnosed, as only 29% of subjects with COPD had a previously diagnosed lung disorder.
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Decreased physical capacity, weight loss, fat-free mass depletion and systemic inflammation are frequently observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ Physical capacity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is related to lung function, body composition and systemic inflammation. A depiction of all three aspects of the disease might be important when targeting interventions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Diabetes and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) syndrome share a high prevalence in industrialized nations. The presence of OSA seems to promote the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) and vice versa. ⋯ The prevalence of sleep disordered breathing is increased in patients with DM. Most of these patients had no typical clinical symptoms of OSA and would have been undiagnosed without diagnostic assessment of OSA.
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Systemic air embolism is recognized as a rare but potentially fatal complication of trans-thoracic needle biopsy of the lung. ⋯ Radiologists and physicians need to be aware of this rare but potentially fatal complication of needle lung biopsy.
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Comparative Study
Correlation of pulmonary function variables with hemodynamic measurements in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.
A reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) measured during a pulmonary function test can suggest pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The DLCO has been reported to weakly correlate with pulmonary hemodynamics. ⋯ In patients with suspected PAH, invasive hemodynamic measurements of PAH do not correlate with PFT variables, even when corrected for spirometric volumes, and regardless of the subgroup of ventilatory physiology or clinical diagnosis.