Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease
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Ther Adv Respir Dis · Jan 2019
Multicenter Study Observational StudyFiducial marker placement with electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy: a subgroup analysis of the prospective, multicenter NAVIGATE study.
Fiducial markers (FMs) help direct stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) and localization for surgical resection in lung cancer management. We report the safety, accuracy, and practice patterns of FM placement utilizing electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB). ⋯ ENB is an accurate and versatile tool to place FMs for SBRT and localization for surgical resection with low complication rates. The ability to perform a biopsy safely in the same procedure can also increase efficiency. The impact of practice pattern variations on therapeutic effectiveness requires further study.
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Ther Adv Respir Dis · Jan 2019
Global transcriptional regulation of STAT3- and MYC-mediated sepsis-induced ARDS.
In recent years, sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has remained a major clinical challenge for patients in intensive care units. While some progress has been reported over the years, the pathogenesis of ARDS still needs to be further expounded. ⋯ We found that MYC and STAT3 may be the key regulatory genes in the underlying dysfunction of sepsis-induced ARDS. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplementary material section.
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Emerging evidence suggests that adverse early life events can affect long-term health trajectories throughout life. Preterm birth, in particular, is a significant early life event that affects approximately 10% of live births. Worldwide, prematurity is the number one cause of death in children less than 5 years of age and has been shown to disrupt normal lung development with lasting effects into adult life. ⋯ In this review, we discuss the epidemiology and manifestations of BPD and its long-term consequences throughout childhood and into adulthood. Available evidence suggests that disrupted lung development, genetic susceptibility and subsequent environment and infectious events that occur in prenatal and postnatal life likely increase the predisposition of children with BPD to develop early onset chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.
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Ther Adv Respir Dis · Jan 2019
ReviewCurrent pharmacologic treatments for smoking cessation and new agents undergoing clinical trials.
Smoking causes various diseases and is a major public health threat worldwide. Therefore, promoting smoking cessation is the most important intervention contributing to maintaining the health of smokers and nonsmokers and saving enormous financial expense. ⋯ Additionally, varenicline and NRT are efficacious first-line smoking cessation treatments and should be given to all individuals unless contraindicated. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplementary material section.
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Ther Adv Respir Dis · Jan 2019
Observational StudyCombined noninvasive ventilation and mechanical insufflator-exsufflator for acute respiratory failure in patients with neuromuscular disease: effectiveness and outcome predictors.
To determine the effectiveness of combined noninvasive ventilation (NIV) and mechanical insufflator-exsufflator (MI-E) for acute respiratory failure (ARF) in patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD), and outcome predictors. ⋯ Applying combined NIV/MI-E in the acute care setting is an efficient means of averting intubation in NMD patients with ARF. Clinical features within 8 h of the institution may predict treatment outcome. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.