The American journal of cardiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Disparities in management patterns and outcomes of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome with and without a history of cerebrovascular disease.
Cerebrovascular (CVD) disease is commonly associated with coronary artery disease and adversely affects outcome. The goal of the present study was to examine the temporal management patterns and outcomes in relation to previous CVD in a contemporary "real-world" spectrum of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). From 1999 to 2008, 14,070 patients with non-ST-segment elevation ACS were recruited into the Canadian Acute Coronary Syndrome I (ACS I), ACS II, Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE/GRACE(2)), and Canadian Registry of Acute Coronary Events (CANRACE) prospective multicenter registries. ⋯ Underestimation of patient risk was the most common reason for not pursuing an invasive strategy. Revascularization was independently associated with lower 1-year mortality (adjusted odds ratio 0.48, 95% confidence interval 0.33 to 0.71, p <0.001), irrespective of a history of CVD. In conclusion, for patients presenting with non-ST-segment elevation-ACS, a history of CVD was independently associated with worse outcomes, which might have been, in part, because of the underuse of evidence-based medical and invasive therapies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Relation of body mass index to sudden cardiac death and the benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after healing of myocardial infarction.
Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and heart failure. However, data regarding the relation of body mass index (BMI) to outcome in patients with established heart failure are conflicting. We examined the risk of all-cause mortality and sudden cardiac death (SCD) in 1,231 patients after myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction enrolled the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial-II (MADIT-II). ⋯ Consistently, patients with BMI <30 kg/m(2) exhibited 46% (p = 0.03) and 76% (p = 0.04) increases in risk of all-cause mortality and SCD, respectively, compared to patients who had higher BMI values. The benefit of the ICD was pronounced in higher-risk patients with BMI <30 kg/m(2) (hazard ratio 0.68, p = 0.017) and maintained in the lower-risk subgroup of patients with BMI > or =30 kg/m(2) (hazard ratio 0.73, p = 0.32; p = 0.86 for ICD-by-BMI interaction). In conclusion, our findings suggest an independent inverse association between BMI values and risk of all-cause mortality and SCD in patients after myocardial infarction with left ventricular dysfunction enrolled in the MADIT-II trial.
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Multicenter Study
The RecordAF study: design, baseline data, and profile of patients according to chosen treatment strategy for atrial fibrillation.
The REgistry on Cardiac rhythm disORDers assessing the control of Atrial Fibrillation (RecordAF) is the first worldwide, 1-year observational, longitudinal study of the management of paroxysmal/persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) in recently diagnosed patients. The study was conducted at 532 sites in 21 countries across Europe, America, and Asia; recruitment was completed in April 2008. The primary objectives were to prospectively assess the therapeutic success and clinical outcomes in rhythm- and rate-control strategies. ⋯ Rate-control patients more often had previous electrocardiographic evidence of AF and were not in sinus rhythm at inclusion (p <0.01 for both end points). Patients were followed at 6 and 12 months, and changes in therapeutic strategy and clinical outcomes were recorded. In conclusion, the RecordAF study results will provide a global perspective on current AF treatment strategies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
The impact of body mass index on the one year outcomes of patients treated by percutaneous coronary intervention with Biolimus- and Sirolimus-eluting stents (from the LEADERS Trial).
The aim of this analysis was to assess the effect of body mass index (BMI) on 1-year outcomes in patients enrolled in a contemporary percutaneous coronary intervention trial comparing a sirolimus-eluting stent with a durable polymer to a biolimus-eluting stent with a biodegradable polymer. A total of 1,707 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to treatment with either biolimus-eluting stents (n = 857) or sirolimus-eluting stents (n = 850). Patients were assigned to 1 of 3 groups according to BMI: normal (<25 kg/m(2)), overweight (25 to 30 kg/m(2)), or obese (>30 kg/m(2)). ⋯ Stent type had no impact on the composite of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and clinically justified target vessel revascularization at 1 year in the 3 BMI groups (hazard ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.63 to 1.83, p = 0.73). In conclusion, BMI was an independent predictor of major adverse cardiac events at 1-year clinical follow-up. The higher incidence of stent thrombosis in the obese group may suggest the need for a weight-adjusted dose of clopidogrel.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Coronary artery bypass grafting versus drug-eluting stent implantation for left main coronary artery disease (from a two-center registry).
Recent studies have suggested that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease renders outcomes comparable to those from coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It is necessary to stratify individual patient risk and select the optimal revascularization strategy. We compared the clinical outcomes of patients with unprotected LMCA disease who had undergone PCI with drug-eluting stents or CABG. ⋯ The analyses after propensity score adjustment and matching corroborated the crude group results. In conclusion, PCI with drug-eluting stents showed a safety profile comparable to that of CABG in patients with unprotected LMCA disease. However, the risk of repeat revascularization was significantly greater in the PCI group.