Injury
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Bedside flexion and extension fluoroscopy was proposed for detecting occult ligamentous instability in comatose trauma patients. Nevertheless, a recent study showed that the C7-T1 motion segment is rarely visualised by this technique. We propose a new method for clearing the cervical spine in comatose patients. ⋯ The CT surview allows better visualisation of the C6-C7 and cervicothoracic junctions during flexion and extension. A short series of CT cuts can be used when visualisation is inadequate. Further studies are needed to assess the risks and benefits of the suggested protocol.
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Nail guns have been employed since 1959 to speed construction work, but with the increased productivity came an increasing number of injuries associated with the device. The majority of reported cases occur to the extremities. ⋯ It appears that simple emergency room removal of the nail with local debridement and a short course of antibiotics is appropriate in most cases. The exception to this is where there is intra-articular or neurovascular involvement, then operative debridement is recommended.
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We systematically reviewed the published evidence regarding the operative treatment of scapular fractures. Publications were identified using MEDLINE databases and were included if they reported operative indications, surgical approach and implants, postoperative complications, and functional outcomes. Seventeen investigations encompassing 243 cases met our eligibility criteria. ⋯ Internal fixation was most often achieved with a plate and screws through a posterior approach. The complication rate was low with infection, shoulder stiffness, and implant failure the most commonly reported problems. Good to excellent functional results were obtained in approximately 85% of the cases an average of 49.9 months postoperatively.
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Multicenter Study
A repeat audit of spinal board usage in the emergency department.
An audit of spinal board usage in 2002 was repeated [Malik MHA, Lovell ME. Current spinal board usage in emergency departments across the UK. Int J Care Injured 2003;34:327-9]. ⋯ In 2006, 21% (43% previously) are still leaving patients on spinal boards routinely until radiological evidence provides clearance, 45% will place patients on boards after their arrival even if they were not on one in pre-hospital management (48% previously) and the number of boards the department owns, remained similar. In house audits of usage remained largely unchanged at 22%. We recommend ongoing departmental review of practice.
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The availability of angular-stable plate/screw systems led to a euphoric use of these implants for the treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures. The high implant costs seem to be justified by a potentially improved outcome. ⋯ Our study showed similar functional results using either plate. Although the PHILOS plate may provide important advantages in specific situations, such as osteoporotic bone, its use as a standard must be carefully judged under the economic aspect of the significant higher implant costs.