Injury
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Autologous bone is used very often in the treatment of fresh fractures, delayed unions and non-unions. Alternatives have included allografts and in recent years also demineralized bone matrix. ⋯ Nevertheless autologous bone graft is still considered as the gold standard and will be discussed here in that context. Osteoconductive, osteogenic and osteoinductive products will also be classified and their advantages and disadvantages described.
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To investigate the month and day of the week of injury in common childhood activities using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database. ⋯ These findings can be used to further guide childhood injury prevention programmes/campaigns and especially track improvements after targeted prevention programmes. Public parks and schools should check/correct the status of playground landing surfaces just before the bimodal peaks. Education campaigns reinforcing the need for bicycle helmets could be concentrated immediately before the increase in cycling activity – March on weekends and April/May for weekdays.
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The selection of the correct entry point for stabilisation of long bone fractures and particularly of the humérus with intramedullary nailing is of paramount importance. The insertion of a nail from the correct entry point ensures anatomical alignment of the head and the shaft fragment. However, particularly for the humérus, the literature addressing this issue is obscure. ⋯ Anatomical reduction could not be obtained in 3/20 humeri even after applying a force of over 35 N. Our results of an average displacement of 2 mm following nail insertion, supports the significance of the entry point as a cause of loss of reduction at the fracture site post nail insertion. In most cases, anatomical reduction can be corrected with relative small forces, whereas in the rest the correction of the displacement is not feasible even with the application of substantial forces.
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To compare the health status of people claiming compensation for injuries sustained in road traffic crashes (RTC), with people who do not claim compensation. ⋯ In this study the group claiming compensation had overall worse health status following mild to moderate musculoskeletal injuries over the course of the study. There was no difference in rate of improvement between the groups. However, it is not possible to determine whether this negative effect was due to claiming compensation itself or the presence of other unmeasured factors.
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Historical Article
Intramedullary nailing in fracture treatment: history, science and Küntscher's revolutionary influence in Vienna, Austria.
Although the first intermedullary fixation technique was already reported in 1886, successfully inter-medullary nailing did not start until November 1939 when Küntscher's revolutionary technique was applied for the first time. Whereas Küntscher initially stated that his "marrow nail" was suitable for almost every fracture type as well as for other procedures including fixation of osteotomies, joint arthrodesis and pseudarthro-sis treatment he tried to develop an own nail for every possible fracture type through the years. ⋯ Only in Vienna the willingness to seize Küntscher's ideas was high. Therefore, in addition to a historic overview and to fundamental knowledge referring to reamed and unreamed respectively to static and dynamic nailing Küntscher's influence on Viennese researchers is presented in our paper.