Injury
-
Comparative Study
Pantoprazole increases cell viability and function of primary human osteoblasts in vitro.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a class of drugs that irreversibly inhibit the H(+)/K(+)-ATPase in gastric parietal cells. Since an association between PPI use and increased fracture risk has been found, the aim of this study was to detect potential adverse effects of pantoprazole, a representative of the PPIs, on primary human osteoblasts in vitro. The isolated cells were stimulated with pantoprazole concentrations ranging from 0 μg/ml to 10 μg/ml. ⋯ Interestingly, this in vitro experiment detected no evidence of adverse effects of PPIs on primary human osteoblasts. Osteoblasts were rather more viable with increased mitochondrial activity, gene expression and protein synthesis under pantoprazole stimulation. Therefore, these in vitro results do not suggest that impaired osteoblast function is the cause of an increased fracture risk in patients under PPI therapy.
-
Post injury immune dysfunction can result in serious complications. Measurement of biomarkers may guide the optimal timing of surgery in clinically borderline patients and therefore prevent complications. ⋯ Neutrophil oxidative burst capacity response to orthopaedic trauma surgery is associated with the infective post injury complications. There was no correlation between magnitude of injury or operation and oxidative burst capacity. These results are promising for the development of tools for prediction of post-operative complications and guidance for optimal timing for surgical intervention.
-
Observational Study
Adrenal response after trauma is affected by time after trauma and sedative/analgesic drugs.
The adrenal response in critically ill patients, including trauma victims, has been debated over the last decade. The aim of this study was to assess the early adrenal response after trauma. ⋯ Total serum cortisol, calculated free cortisol, DHEA and DHEAS decreased significantly over time after trauma. Continuous infusion of sedative/analgesic drugs was independently associated with serum cortisol < 200 nmol/L.
-
Injury is recognised as a frequent cause of preventable mortality and morbidity; however, incidence estimates focusing only on the extent of mortality and major trauma may seriously underestimate the magnitude of the total injury burden. There currently exists a paucity of information regarding minor trauma, and the aim of this study was to increase awareness of the contribution of minor trauma cases to the total burden of injury. ⋯ This evaluation of minor trauma cases admitted to public hospitals in Queensland detected high levels of demand placed on trauma system resources in terms of acute care bed days, operations, ICU admissions, in-hospital rehabilitation services and patient transportation, and which are all associated with high cost. These data convincingly demonstrate the significant burden of injury imposed by minor trauma cases serious enough to be admitted to hospital.
-
Comparative Study
Decreasing the occurrence of intraoperative technical errors through periodic simple show, tell and learn method.
Technical errors (TE) that occur during surgery for treating fractures are considered as being preventable by good preoperative planning and surgeon education. This prospective study evaluated a new instructional method for improving surgical outcomes that involved assessing surgeons' own recent performances. ⋯ Level II.