Injury
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Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication that contributes to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs during the surgical care of patient with lower extremity fractures. Despite this, few recommendations on the topic exist and the literature on VTE incidence is incomplete. Therefore, this study will attempt to estimate annual incidence and trends in 30-day thrombotic events and mortality for the following fractures: (1) hip, (2) femur, (3) patella, (4) tibia and/or fibula, and (5) ankle. ⋯ III.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common preventable causes of mortality and morbidity. Inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and ischemia are some of the important pathophysiological mechanisms underlying neuronal loss after TBI. Mildronate is demonstrated to be beneficial in various experimental models of ischemic diseases via anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective mechanisms. This study aimed to investigate possible antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects of mildronate in a rat model of TBI. ⋯ This study revealed for the first time that mildronate, exhibits neuroprotective effects against TBI because of its anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant activities.