Injury
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Talus fractures result following high energy trauma and can lead to significant functional impairment. The complex morphology of the talus, it's multiple articulations and tenuous blood supply translate into significant challenges that must be overcome to achieve the best possible outcomes. ⋯ Nonetheless, restoration of normal alignment will optimise outcomes. In this article, we report on the epidemiology, anatomy, classification, patient evaluation and current evidence for the management of talus fractures.
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Comparative Study
A comparison of acute mouse hindlimb injuries between tourniquet- and femoral artery ligation-induced ischemia-reperfusion.
The tourniquet or femoral artery ligation is widely used to stop extremity hemorrhage or create a bloodless operating field in the combat scenario and civilian setting. However, these procedures with subsequent reperfusion also induce ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries. To fully evaluate animal models of limb IR injuries, we compared tourniquet- and femoral artery ligation-induced IR injuries in the hindlimb of mice. ⋯ Moreover, tourniquet/IR caused significant tissue edema and dilation of lymphatic vessels in the hindlimb, compared to femoral artery ligation/IR. The above data demonstrated that tourniquet/IR-induced acute hindlimb injuries are more severe than those induced by femoral artery ligation/IR. This suggests that future investigators should determine which hindlimb IR model (tourniquet/IR or femoral artery ligation/IR) is optimal depending on the purpose of their study.