Injury
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During osteogenesis, a large number of bioactive molecules, macromolecules, cells, and cellular signals are activated to induce bone growth and development. The activation of molecular pathways leads to the occurrence of cellular events, ultimately resulting in observable changes. Therefore, in the studies of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, it is essential to target fundamental events to exploit the mechanisms involved in osteogenesis. ⋯ A combination of sequential cascades takes place to drive the progression of osteogenesis. Also, the occurrence of these processes and, more generally, cellular and molecular processes related to osteogenesis necessitate the presence of transcription factors and their activity. The present review focuses on outlining several signaling pathways and transcription factors influencing the development of osteogenesis, and describes various methods of their manipulation to induce and enhance bone formation.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
An early analysis of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) plates for the surgical stabilization of rib fractures: A pilot study.
Surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) is a viable treatment option for rib fracture patients. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) plates have become available for SSRF. The objective of this pilot study was to examine the use of PEEK plates for SSRF. ⋯ PEEK plates for SSRF are safe and effective, allowing for adequate rib fracture healing and are associated with positive patient reported outcomes.
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The routine collection of long-term patient health outcomes after serious traumatic injury at the health service level is uncommon. In 2019, we implemented the longitudinal Trauma Service Follow Up (TSFU) program at a level I trauma centre. Delivered by the trauma service clinicians involved in inpatient care, it assesses quality of life and disability. This study reports the 6- and 12-month outcomes of the first two years of operation of the TSFU program. ⋯ Persistent impairments in physical and emotional health continues to affect many people following serious traumatic injury. The collection of longitudinal health outcomes by trauma clinicians enables identification of factors that contribute to disability and a reduction in quality of life. This in turn can drive quality improvement initiatives within the hospital trauma system. Longitudinal follow-up programs may provide a platform to provide ongoing specialist trauma-informed care after hospital discharge.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The role of post-traumatic antifibrinolysis in the perioperative blood management of elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures treated with PFNA: A randomised controlled trial.
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of posttraumatic antifibrinolytic therapy with repeated doses of intravenous tranexamic acid (IV-TXA) in reducing perioperative hidden blood loss (HBL) in elderly intertrochanteric femur fracture (IFF) patients. ⋯ Post-traumatic antifibrinolytic therapy with repeated doses of intravenous TXA is effective and safe in reducing perioperative HBL for elderly IFF patients, especially for patients injured within 24 h.
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With advanced medical treatments more burns patients survive their injuries, requiring a better understanding of the quality-of-life outcomes experienced after the burn. The aims of the ABLE study cohort profile are to describe the baseline characteristics. The study included participants aged 18 years or over, admitted to a single state-wide burns centre in Queensland, Australia with a 'major burn injury'. ⋯ Fewer participants were injured by chemical (N = 14, 5.1 %), friction (N = 11, 4 %), and electrical burns (N = 6, 2.2 %). There were 37.9 % participants who reported having been diagnosed with a psychological condition prior to their burn injury. These findings provide an overview of baseline characteristics with a greater understanding of personal, environmental, burn injury and burn treatment factors in a state-wide burn centre.