Chest
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A 44-year-old man presented to the ED with acute massive hemoptysis and hypoxia. His history was notable for 1 year of progressively worsening shortness of breath at both rest and with exertion. He denied chest discomfort and endorsed near syncope while driving in recent months. He recently had been treated with antibiotics for two episodes of presumed pneumonia, based on right lower lobe opacification on chest radiography.
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In the United States, COPD is a leading cause of mortality, with a substantial societal health and economic burden. With anticipated population growth, it is important for various stakeholders to have an estimate for the projected burden of disease. ⋯ This study projects the substantial burden of COPD that the American society is expected to incur with current patterns for treatments and smoking rates. Mitigating such burden requires targeted budget appropriations and cost-effective interventions.
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A 44-year-old woman was referred for evaluation of dyspnea on exertion and multiple nodular opacities on a chest CT scan. She had a medical history of autoimmune encephalitis, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, migraines, and allergic rhinitis. Ten years earlier, the patient was admitted to an outside institution with symptoms of shortness of breath. ⋯ She previously worked as a teacher and is currently unemployed. She had no other relevant exposures. She denied a family history of autoimmune diseases or malignancies.
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Case Reports
A Case Report of Portopulmonary Hypertension Precipitated by Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt.
We report here a case of portopulmonary hypertension following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.
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Small airways disease (SAD) is a key component of COPD and is a main contributing factor to lung function decline. ⋯ Increased Sacin may be a consequence of previous exacerbations or may highlight a group of patients prone to exacerbations. Measures of SAD were associated strongly with neutrophilic inflammation in the small airways of FE patients, supporting the hypothesis that frequent exacerbations are associated with SAD related to increased cellular inflammation.