Chest
-
Observational Study
Added Diagnostic Utility Of Clinical Metagenomics For The Diagnosis Of Pneumonia In Immunocompromised Adults.
In the evaluation of community-acquired pneumonia, 30% to 60% of cases remain undiagnosed, despite extensive conventional microbiologic testing (CMT). Clinical metagenomics (CM) is an unbiased pathogen detection method that can increase diagnostic yield. ⋯ CMT + CM increased diagnostic yield in immunocompromised adults with pneumonia from 35% to 58%, mostly by the detection of additional bacterial causes but was less useful for fungal pneumonia.
-
Institutional-level disparities in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) survival may be driven by reversible differences in care-delivery processes. We quantified the impact of differences in readily identifiable quality metrics on long-term survival disparities in resected NSCLC. ⋯ Targeting six readily identified poor-quality markers narrowed, but did not eliminate, institutional survival disparities. The greatest impact was in community programs. Residual factors driving persistent institution-level long-term NSCLC survival disparities must be characterized to eliminate them.
-
Treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is conventionally based on functional plus invasive measurements obtained during right heart catheterization (RHC). Whether risk assessment during repeated measurements could also be performed on the basis of imaging parameters is unclear, as a direct comparison of strategies is lacking. ⋯ At 1 year of follow-up, risk assessment based on CMR is at least equal to risk assessment based on RHC. In this study, only changes in CMR, but not hemodynamic parameters, were of prognostic predictive value during the first year of follow-up.
-
With the advancement of cardiorespiratory interventions, the survival rate among patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) has increased. Subsequently, pneumothorax has become a significant problem in patients with prolonged ventilatory support. ⋯ On pneumothorax occurrence in patients with DMD, recurrences and severe lung damage are common; moreover, these patients show higher mortality rates than patients without pneumothorax. Chest CT scans should be performed to identify risk factors, and treatment should be initiated accordingly. In addition, physicians should consider chest CT scanning in the case of suspected pneumothorax, even if no radiographic abnormality is found.
-
Observational Study
Airborne Particulate Concentrations During and After Pulmonary Function Testing.