Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Zafirlukast treatment for acute asthma: evaluation in a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial.
Acute asthma causes nearly 2 million hospital emergency department (ED) visits in the United States annually, and hospitalization after an ED visit and relapse after ED discharge are common. ⋯ When added to standardized care, therapy with Z20 bid reduced the risk of relapse compared with placebo over a 28-day treatment period. One dose of Z160 in the ED also reduced the rate of extended care.
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Multicenter Study
The hospital mortality of patients admitted to the ICU on weekends.
Previous studies have suggested that patients are more likely to die in the hospital if they are admitted on a weekend than on a weekday. This study was conducted to determine whether weekend admission to the ICU increases the risk of dying in the hospital. ⋯ The overall adjusted hospital mortality rate of patients admitted to the ICU on a weekend was not higher than that of patients admitted on a weekday. However, weekend ICU admission to the surgical ICU was associated with an increased hospital mortality rate.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Assessment of physiologic variables and subjective comfort under different levels of pressure support ventilation.
To evaluate the effects of 12 ventilator settings (pressure support ventilation [PSV] plus positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP], 30 + 0 cm H(2)O; 25 + 5 cm H(2)O; 25 + 0 cm H(2)O; 20 + 5 cm H(2)O; 20 + 0 cm H(2)O; 15 + 5 cm H(2)O; 15 + 0 cm H(2)O; 10 + 5 cm H(2)O; 10 + 0 cm H(2)O; 5 + 5 cm H(2)O; 5 + 0 cm H(2)O; and 0 + 5 cm H(2)O) on physiologic variables; the percentage of ineffective efforts; patient comfort; and whether the diagnosis of COPD may influence results. ⋯ The following conclusions are made: (1) physiologic variables followed a linear trend, while comfort followed a U-shaped trend under different levels of PSV (irrespective of COPD diagnosis); (2) high assistance caused an increase in ineffective efforts; (3) only the breathing pattern significantly changed when total assistance was given as PSV plus PEEP when compared to PSV alone (PSV plus ZEEP); and (4) the extreme levels of PSV are not associated with the best comfort.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Treprostinil, a prostacyclin analogue, in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with connective tissue disease.
To assess the efficacy and safety of continuous subcutaneous infusion of treprostinil, a stable prostacyclin analogue, for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). ⋯ Continuous subcutaneous infusion of treprostinil in patients with PAH associated with CTD improved exercise capacity, symptoms of PAH, and hemodynamics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Rate control vs rhythm control in patients with nonvalvular persistent atrial fibrillation: the results of the Polish How to Treat Chronic Atrial Fibrillation (HOT CAFE) Study.
The relative risks and benefits of strategies of rate control vs rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) remain to be fully explored. ⋯ The Polish HOT CAFE study revealed no significant differences in major end points between the rate control group and the rhythm control group.