Chest
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Rethinking Blood Eosinophils for Assessing ICS Response in COPD: A Post-Hoc Analysis from FLAME.
The varied treatment response to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with COPD and the associated increased risk of pneumonia necessitate a personalized ICS therapeutic approach. This is informed by blood eosinophil count (BEC), which predicts ICS treatment response. However, BEC appears to change in response to ICS treatment. ⋯ gov.
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Case Reports
A 72-Year-Old Man With Innumerable Bilateral Pulmonary Nodules After Lung Transplantation.
A 72-year-old man who underwent bilateral orthotropic lung transplantation for interstitial lung disease 6 months ago presented to the clinic with a 2-week history of cough, shortness of breath, and mid-back pain. The donor was negative for cytomegalovirus (CMV) and positive for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and the recipient was positive for both CMV and EBV. He also reported headaches but denied any fever, chills, weight loss, night sweats, chest pain, orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, or leg swelling. ⋯ He never suffered from TB or had any exposure to patients with TB. His immunosuppressive regimen consisted of tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and prednisone. The targeted tacrolimus trough level was 10 to 12 ng/mL, and the patient was generally in the therapeutic range.
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Despite advances in precision medicine for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), biomarker testing for these therapies remains frequently underused, delayed, and inequitable. Pulmonologists often play a critical role in the initial diagnostic steps for patients with lung cancer, and previous data show variability in their knowledge and practices regarding biomarker testing. The purpose of this study is to better understand how pulmonologists view their role in lung cancer care. ⋯ This study shows that pulmonologists vary in their practices for ordering biomarkers, and many defer this responsibility to oncology. Despite the role of bronchoscopy and pulmonology societal guidelines for staging, many defer leadership of this process. Many pulmonologists lack the necessary resources and multidisciplinary infrastructure likely required to efficiently accomplish biomarker testing.
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The 2023 International Pediatric Ventilator Liberation Clinical Practice Guidelines provided evidence-based recommendations to guide pediatric critical care providers on how to perform daily aspects of ventilator liberation. However, because of the lack of high-quality pediatric studies, most recommendations were conditional based on very low to low certainty of evidence. ⋯ Although pediatric ventilator liberation guidelines have been created, the certainty of evidence remains low and multiple research gaps exist that should be bridged through high-quality RCTs, multicenter observational studies, and quality improvement initiatives.