The journal of trauma and acute care surgery
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Oct 2015
Causes of combat ocular trauma-related blindness from Operation Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom.
The incidence of eye injuries in military service members is high in the combat setting. This is the first study that identifies the primary reason for poor visual acuity (worse than 20/200). ⋯ Prognostic/epidemiologic study, level V.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Oct 2015
The effects of combat-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): Does blast mTBI history matter?
The effects of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have received significant attention since the beginning of the conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. Surprisingly, little is known about the temporal nature of neurocognitive impairment, mTBI, and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms following combat-related mTBI. It is also unclear as to the role that blast exposure history has on mTBI and PTS impairments and symptoms. The purposes of this study were to examine prospectively the effects of mTBI on neurocognitive performance as well as mTBI and PTS symptoms among US Army Special Operations Command personnel and to study the influence of history of blast mTBI on these effects. ⋯ Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level II.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Oct 2015
Predicting blood transfusion using automated analysis of pulse oximetry signals and laboratory values.
Identification of hemorrhaging trauma patients and prediction of blood transfusion needs in near real time will expedite care of the critically injured. We hypothesized that automated analysis of pulse oximetry signals in combination with laboratory values and vital signs obtained at the time of triage would predict the need for blood transfusion with accuracy greater than that of triage vital signs or pulse oximetry analysis alone. ⋯ Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level III.
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Hypobaric hypoxemia is a well-known risk of aeromedical evacuation (AE). Validating patients as safe to fly includes assessment of oxygenation status as well as oxygen-carrying capability (hemoglobin). The incidence and severity of hypoxemia during AE of noncritically injured casualties have not been studied. ⋯ Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level V.
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J Trauma Acute Care Surg · Oct 2015
Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury in the injured war fighter.
Rhabdomyolysis is a recognized complication of traumatic injury. The correlation of an elevated creatine kinase (CK) level and the development of acute kidney injury (AKI) has been studied in the civilian population. We sought to review the prevalence of rhabdomyolysis in injured war fighters and determine if peak CK levels correlate with AKI. ⋯ Epidemiologic/prognostic study, level III.