Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Outbreak of mumps in a student population with high vaccination coverage in China: time for two-dose vaccination.
In 2016, an outbreak of mumps occurred in a primary school in China with a student population having high vaccination coverage. An unmatched case-control study was performed to identify risk factors contributing to this outbreak, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of mumps-containing vaccine (MuCV). A total of 97 cases were identified during the outbreak, and the overall attack rate was 8.2%. ⋯ We found that outbreaks of mumps can occur in schools despite high coverage of one-dose MuCV vaccination. Although the VE of both two-dose and one-dose MuCV wanes over time, the overall VE for two-dose MuCV was superior than that of one-dose MuCV. Therefore, a two-dose MuCV schedule through routine services is likely needed in order to control mumps epidemics in China.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Are children with special risk medical conditions receiving influenza vaccination? Validity of parental and provider report, and to a National Immunisation Register.
To investigate the validity of parent reported influenza vaccination and provider reporting to the Australian Immunisation Register (AIR) in children with special risk medical conditions (SRMC). ⋯ Parental report over estimates confirmed influenza vaccination status and is affected by time and relationship to the child. Only a third of influenza vaccinations were reported to the AIR. Timely accurate data is critical to facilitate vaccination and evaluate program coverage.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Estimating the epidemiological impact and cost-effectiveness profile of a nonavalent HPV vaccine in Spain.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the main causes of infection-related cancer. The bivalent vaccine (2vHPV) (16/18) and quadrivalent (6/11/16/18) HPV vaccine (4vHPV) have been included in the Spanish vaccination calendar since 2007. The new nonavalent HPV vaccine (9vHPV), approved in Europe in 2015, includes nine HPV types 6/11/16/18/31/33/45/52/58 and has been available in Spain since May 2017. ⋯ A girls-only vaccination strategy at age 12 years with 9vHPV was found to be a cost-effective strategy compared with 4vHPV (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of €7,718 per QALY). Compared with girls-only vaccination with 4vHPV, gender-neutral vaccination with 9vHPV was associated with further reductions of up to 28.5% in the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2/3 and 17.1% in the incidence of cervical cancer, as well as with a 14.0% reduction in cervical cancer mortality. Furthermore, a gender-neutral vaccination program with 9vHPV could potentially be cost-effective considering some parameters as head and neck protection or discount rates, leading to a reduction in the burden of HPV-related diseases in both sexes in the Spanish population.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions aimed at improving vaccination coverage: compliance with PRISMA guidelines.
Systematic reviews have become increasingly important for informing clinical practice and policy; however, little is known about the reporting characteristics and quality of SRs of interventions to improve immunization coverage in different settings. The aim of this study was to assess the reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions aimed at improving vaccination coverage using the recommended Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. PubMed and Cochrane Library were searched to identify SRs of interventions to improve immunization coverage, indexed up to May 2016. ⋯ Compliance was poorest in the items "describing summary of evidence" (item 24, 19%), "describing indication of review protocol and registration" (item 5, 26%) and "describing results of risk of bias across studies (item 22, 33%). The overall reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions to improve vaccination coverage requires significant improvement. There remains a need for additional research targeted at addressing potential barriers to compliance and strategies to improve compliance with PRISMA guideline.
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Hum Vaccin Immunother · Jan 2019
Determinants of vaccine hesitancy in Quebec: a large population-based survey.
Objectives: Vaccine hesitancy is a global phenomenon that needs to be measured and addressed. This study aimed to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy among a large regional population. Methods: A structured telephone survey was administered to a random digit sample in Quebec's Eastern Townships region. ⋯ Other determinants associated with vaccine hesitancy were having consulted a massage therapist (aOR = 2.34; 1.46-3.75), not being vaccinated against influenza (aOR = 1.80; 1.49-2.16), having a low (<$30,000) (aOR = 1.58; 1.24-2.02) or moderate ($30,000-$79,000) (aOR = 1.37; 1.12-1.67) household income, distrust in public health authorities (aOR = 1.40; 1.21-1.63), perceived insufficient knowledge about immunization (aOR = 1.26; 1.04-1.51), and smoking (aOR = 1.22; 1.01-1.47). Conclusions: Many determinants are related to vaccine hesitancy. These determinants should be taken into account when health professionals engage with vaccine-hesitant individuals.