Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation
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Background and Purpose- Stroke risk is sex-specific, but little is known about sex differences of poststroke major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Stroke-related brain damage causes autonomic dysfunction and inflammation, sometimes resulting in cardiac complications. Sex-specific cardiovascular susceptibility to stroke without the confounding effect of preexisting heart disease constitutes an unexplored field because previous studies focusing on sex differences in poststroke MACE have not excluded patients with known cardiovascular comorbidities. ⋯ First-ever ischemic stroke was associated with increased risk of incident MACE in both sexes. The risk was time-dependent, highest within 30 days (women: adjusted hazard ratio, 25.1 [95% CI, 19.3-32.6]; men: aHR, 23.4 [95% CI, 17.2-31.9]) and decreasing but remaining significant between 31 and 90 days (women: aHR, 4.8 [95% CI, 3.8-6.0]; men: aHR, 4.2 [95% CI, 3.3-5.4]), and 91 to 365 days (aHR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.8-2.3]; men: aHR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.7-2.3]). Conclusions- In this large population-based study, ischemic stroke was independently associated with increased risk of incident MACE in both sexes.
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Observational Study
Oral Anticoagulation in Asian Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and a History of Intracranial Hemorrhage.
Background and Purpose- Warfarin is associated with a better net clinical benefit compared with no treatment in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) and history of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). There are limited data on nonvitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in these patients, especially in the Asian population. We aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of NOACs to warfarin in a large-scale nationwide Asian population with AF and a history of ICH. ⋯ NOAC showed nonsignificant trends toward to reduce fatal ICH compared with warfarin (HR, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.20-1.03]). Conclusions- NOAC was associated with a significant lower risk of ICH and ischemic stroke compared with warfarin. NOAC might be a more effective and safer treatment option for Asian patients with nonvalvular AF and a prior history of ICH.
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Background and Purpose- We aimed to further investigate the long-term outcomes after reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS). Methods- A longitudinal follow-up study was conducted in 173 RCVS patients. ⋯ After new delivery, the rate of postpartum RCVS was 9%. Conclusions- Overall, long-term outcome after RCVS is excellent.
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Background and Purpose- Preclinical research using animals often informs clinical trials. However, its value is dependent on its scientific validity and reproducibility, which are, in turn, dependent on rigorous study design and reporting. In 2011, Stroke introduced a Basic Science Checklist to enhance the reporting and methodology of its preclinical studies. ⋯ These improvements were not seen in control journals. Conclusions- Journal interventions such as Stroke's author submission checklist can meaningfully improve the quality of published preclinical research and should be considered to enhance study transparency and design. However, such interventions are alone insufficient to fully address widespread shortcomings in preclinical research practices.
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Background and Purpose- Health systems are faced with the challenge of ensuring fast access to appropriate therapy for patients with acute stroke. The paradigms primarily discussed are mothership and drip and ship. Less attention has been focused on the drip-and-drive (DD) paradigm. ⋯ A slowed workflow in the DD paradigm resulted in a decrease of the DD catchment area to 1221 km2 (2%). Conclusions- Our study suggests the largest catchment area for the mothership paradigm and a larger catchment area of DD paradigm compared with the drip-and-ship paradigm in Northwestern Germany in most scenarios. The existence of different paradigms allows the spread of capacities, shares the cost and hospital income, and gives primary stroke centers the possibility to provide endovascular therapy services 24/7.