Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation
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Letter
Caspase-1 inhibitor prevents neurogenic pulmonary edema after subarachnoid hemorrhage in mice.
We examined the effects of a caspase-1 inhibitor, N-Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-chloromethyl ketone (Ac-YVAD-CMK), on neurogenic pulmonary edema in the endovascular perforation model of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in mice. ⋯ We report for the first time that Ac-YVAD-CMK prevents lung cell apoptosis and neurogenic pulmonary edema after SAH in mice.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Increased risk of stroke after a herpes zoster attack: a population-based follow-up study.
Varicella zoster virus-induced vasculopathy and postherpes zoster attack stroke syndromes have been reported previously; nevertheless, data regarding the exact prevalence and risk of stroke occurring postherpes zoster attack are still lacking. This study aims to investigate the frequency and risk of stroke after a herpes zoster attack using a nationwide, population-based study of a retrospective cohort design. Method- A total of 7760 patients who had received treatment for herpes zoster between 1997 and 2001 were included and matched with 23 280 randomly selected subjects. A 1-year stroke-free survival rate was then estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. After adjusting for potential confounders, Cox proportional hazard regressions were carried out to compute the adjusted 1-year survival rate. ⋯ The risk for stroke increased after a zoster attack. Although varicella zoster virus vasculopathy is a well-documented complication that may induce a stroke postherpes zoster attack, it does not fully account for the unexpectedly high risk of stroke in these patients.
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Comparative Study
Diagnosing delayed cerebral ischemia with different CT modalities in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage with clinical deterioration.
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage worsens the prognosis and is difficult to diagnose. We investigated the diagnostic value of noncontrast CT (NCT), CT perfusion (CTP), and CT angiography (CTA) for DCI after clinical deterioration in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. ⋯ As a diagnostic tool for DCI, qualitative assessment of CTP is overall superior to NCT and CTA and could be useful for fast decision-making and guiding treatment.
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Comparative Study
Point-of-care international normalized ratio testing accelerates thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke using oral anticoagulants.
Thrombolysis in patients using oral anticoagulants (OAC) and in patients for whom information on OAC status is not available is frequently delayed because the standard coagulation analysis procedure in central laboratories (CL) is time-consuming. By using point-of-care (POC) coagumeters, international normalized ratio (INR) values can be measured immediately at the bedside. The accuracy and effectiveness of POC devices for emergency management in acute ischemic stroke has not been tested. ⋯ Measuring INR by POC in an emergency setting is sufficiently precise in OAC acute stroke patients and substantially reduces the time interval until INR values are available and therefore may hasten the initiation of thrombolysis.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Effect of telmisartan on functional outcome, recurrence, and blood pressure in patients with acute mild ischemic stroke: a PRoFESS subgroup analysis.
High blood pressure (BP) is common in acute ischemic stroke and associated independently with a poor functional outcome. However, the management of BP acutely remains unclear because no large trials have been completed. ⋯ Treatment with telmisartan in 1360 patients with acute mild ischemic stroke and mildly elevated BP appeared to be safe with no excess in adverse events, was not associated with a significant effect on functional dependency, death, or recurrence, and modestly lowered BP.