Stroke; a journal of cerebral circulation
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Apoptosis has been implicated as the prominent form of cell death in the brain perihematomal region in animal models and in autopsy or postsurgical human studies. Both the Fas system and caspase activation play a central role in apoptotic pathways. The aims of this study were to investigate soluble Fas (s-Fas) plasma levels after acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), to determine its influence on clinical and radiologic features, and to assess Fas receptor and Fas ligand (Fas-L) protein expression in human ICH brain tissue. ⋯ A decreased plasma s-Fas level together with an increased Fas-L amount in perihematomal brain tissue suggest Fas-mediated apoptosis involvement in this disease.
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Emerging data suggest that neuroglobin (Ngb) may protect against hypoxic/ischemic neuronal insults. However, the underlying mechanisms in vivo and implications for long-term outcomes are still not well understood. ⋯ Ngb reduces tissue infarction and markers of oxidative stress after stroke. Tissue protection by overexpressing Ngb can be sustained for up to 2 weeks.
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Incidence, prevalence, and mortality for stroke vary by race and ethnicity with higher rates for blacks compared with non-Hispanic whites. Little information is available regarding differences in postacute care outcomes for racial and ethnic groups after a stroke. ⋯ The findings suggest racial and ethnic disparities exist in postacute care outcomes for persons with stroke.
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The prognosis of acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) is poor if early recanalization is not achieved. Recanalization strategies include intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and intra-arterial thrombolysis, as well as endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (EMT). The combination of IVT with consecutive on-demand EMT may allow for early treatment initiation with high recanalization rates but has never been systematically tested in patients with BAO. ⋯ Our data suggest that the combination of IVT with on-demand consecutive EMT in BAO is feasible, allows for early treatment, and provides excellent recanalization rates.
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Multicenter Study
Genome screen to detect linkage to intracranial aneurysm susceptibility genes: the Familial Intracranial Aneurysm (FIA) study.
Evidence supports a substantial genetic contribution to the risk of intracranial aneurysm (IA). The purpose of this study was to identify chromosomal regions likely to harbor genes that contribute to the risk of IA. ⋯ We have detected possible evidence of linkage to 4 chromosomal regions. There is potential evidence for a gene x smoking interaction with 3 of the loci.