JAMA internal medicine
-
JAMA internal medicine · Jul 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialAn Advance Care Planning Video Decision Support Tool for Nursing Home Residents With Advanced Dementia: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.
Better advance care planning (ACP) can help promote goal-directed care in patients with advanced dementia. ⋯ An ACP video did not have an effect on preferences, DNH status, or burdensome treatments among residents with advanced dementia, but did increase directives to withhold tube-feeding. When proxies preferred comfort care, advance directives of residents in the intervention arm were more likely to align with that preference.
-
JAMA internal medicine · Jun 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyWeekly and Monthly Subcutaneous Buprenorphine Depot Formulations vs Daily Sublingual Buprenorphine With Naloxone for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder may be improved by sustained-release formulations. ⋯ Compared with SL buprenorphine, depot buprenorphine did not result in an inferior likelihood of being a responder or having urine test results negative for opioids and produced superior results on the CDF of no illicit opioid use. These data suggest that depot buprenorphine is efficacious and may have advantages.
-
JAMA internal medicine · May 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyCardiovascular Safety of Varenicline, Bupropion, and Nicotine Patch in Smokers: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Quitting smoking is enhanced by the use of pharmacotherapies, but concerns have been raised regarding the cardiovascular safety of such medications. ⋯ No evidence that the use of smoking cessation pharmacotherapies increased the risk of serious cardiovascular adverse events during or after treatment was observed. The findings of EAGLES and its extension trial provide further evidence that smoking cessation medications do not increase the risk of serious cardiovascular events in the general population of smokers.
-
JAMA internal medicine · Apr 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of a Collaborative Care Intervention vs Usual Care on Health Status of Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: The CASA Randomized Clinical Trial.
Many patients with chronic heart failure experience reduced health status despite receiving conventional therapy. ⋯ This multisite randomized clinical trial of the CASA intervention did not demonstrate improved heart failure-specific health status. Secondary outcomes of depression and fatigue, both difficult symptoms to treat in heart failure, improved.
-
JAMA internal medicine · Nov 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of a Game-Based Intervention Designed to Enhance Social Incentives to Increase Physical Activity Among Families: The BE FIT Randomized Clinical Trial.
Gamification, the application of game design elements such as points and levels in nongame contexts, is often used in digital health interventions, but evidence on its effectiveness is limited. ⋯ Gamification designed to leverage insights from behavioral economics to enhance social incentives significantly increased physical activity among families in the community.