JAMA internal medicine
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JAMA internal medicine · Oct 2016
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAssociation Between Incretin-Based Drugs and the Risk of Acute Pancreatitis.
The association between incretin-based drugs, such as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, and acute pancreatitis is controversial. ⋯ In this large population-based study, use of incretin-based drugs was not associated with an increased risk of acute pancreatitis compared with other oral antidiabetic drugs.
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JAMA internal medicine · Sep 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffect of Sodium Selenite Administration and Procalcitonin-Guided Therapy on Mortality in Patients With Severe Sepsis or Septic Shock: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
High-dose intravenous administration of sodium selenite has been proposed to improve outcome in sepsis by attenuating oxidative stress. Procalcitonin-guided antimicrobial therapy may hasten the diagnosis of sepsis, but effect on outcome is unclear. ⋯ Neither high-dose intravenous administration of sodium selenite nor anti-infectious therapy guided by a procalcitonin algorithm was associated with an improved outcome in patients with severe sepsis. These findings do not support administration of high-dose sodium selenite in these patients; the application of a procalcitonin-guided algorithm needs further evaluation.
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JAMA internal medicine · Jun 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyEffect of Calorie Restriction on Mood, Quality of Life, Sleep, and Sexual Function in Healthy Nonobese Adults: The CALERIE 2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
Calorie restriction (CR) increases longevity in many species and reduces risk factors for chronic diseases. In humans, CR may improve health span, yet concerns remain about potential negative effects of CR. ⋯ In nonobese adults, CR had some positive effects and no negative effects on health-related QOL.
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JAMA internal medicine · May 2016
Multicenter Study Observational StudyDietary Patterns and Fractures in Postmenopausal Women: Results From the Women's Health Initiative.
Considerable efforts have been undertaken to relate single nutrients to bone health. To this point, results are inconsistent. Suboptimal single nutrient intake does not occur in isolation but rather reflects a poor diet quality. ⋯ Higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower risk for hip fractures. These results support that a healthy dietary pattern may play a role in maintaining bone health in postmenopausal women.
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JAMA internal medicine · Mar 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Transitional Care in Acutely Hospitalized Patients: The Transitional Care Bridge Randomized Clinical Trial.
Older adults acutely hospitalized are at risk of disability. Trials on comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and transitional care present inconsistent results. ⋯ A systematic CGA, followed by the transitional care bridge program, showed no effect on ADL functioning in acutely hospitalized older patients.