JAMA ophthalmology
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Visual dysfunction and poor cognition are highly prevalent among older adults; however, the relationship is not well defined. ⋯ In a nationally representative sample of older US adults, vision dysfunction at distance and based on self-reports was associated with poor cognitive function. This was substantiated by a representative sample of US Medicare beneficiaries using self-reported visual function, reinforcing the value of identifying patients with visual compromise. Further study of longitudinal interactions between vision and cognition is warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Three-month randomized trial of fixed-combination brinzolamide, 1%, and brimonidine, 0.2%.
This study evaluates the contribution of the individual components of an investigational non-β-antagonist fixed combination of brinzolamide, 1%, and brimonidine, 0.2%. This study and its sister study provide the first randomized data showing the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering activity and the toxicity profile of this novel topical antihypertensive fixed combination. ⋯ This registrational study provides evidence that the fixed combination of brinzolamide, 1%, and brimonidine, 0.2%, can safely and effectively lower IOP in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension, showing significantly superior IOP-lowering activity compared with either brinzolamide or brimonidine monotherapy while providing a safety profile consistent with that of its individual components.
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Human factors training can enhance teamworking and reduce error. It is used regularly in certain medical disciplines, but its use has not been established for ophthalmology to our knowledge. ⋯ This study describes the feasibility of a high-fidelity immersive simulation course specifically for ophthalmic surgical teams. The ANTS and NOTSS had the highest intertool and interrater consistency, respectively. Human factors simulation in ophthalmology offers a new method of teaching team members, with the potential to reduce serious ophthalmic patient safety events. Further work will define its usefulness and practical applications.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Age-related cataract in men in the selenium and vitamin e cancer prevention trial eye endpoints study: a randomized clinical trial.
Observational studies suggest a role for dietary nutrients such as vitamin E and selenium in cataract prevention. However, the results of randomized clinical trials of vitamin E supplements and cataract have been disappointing and are not yet available for selenium. ⋯ These data from a large cohort of apparently healthy men indicate that long-term daily supplementation with selenium and/or vitamin E is unlikely to have a large beneficial effect on age-related cataract.
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Determining the association of surgical setting and implementation of a new electronic health record (EHR) system with ophthalmic operative times is important for surgical planning and resource allocation. ⋯ The mean total OR time per case lengthened after the replacement of an EHR system in the OR, but this increase was small (shorter than 3 minutes) and limited to surgeries performed during the first 100 days after the EHR system transition. Modeling to assess surgical setting demonstrated all operative time measures were longer for cataract cases performed at the hospital outpatient department relative to those at ambulatory surgical centers. These data have implications for the fiscal and logistical management of ophthalmic surgery.